Bolsheviks

Peace, Land, Bread.

Soilders, Peasants, Workers.

Peace=End to war (treaty 1918).

Land= Took land off autocrats and gave it to peasants.

Bread=Grain Requisition form peasants gave food to workers.

This meat all the demands of the Russian people and gain more support.

Signed in 1918
Russia lost land:

• 32% agriculture.
• 34% of its population.
• 54% of its industry.

had to pay redemption payment to Germany of $3,000 million.
why sign:

• Knew civil war was approaching.
• Needed man to figh in civil war.
• Needed the resources for civil war.

Strengths of the Reds:

• United
• Geographical advantages
• Good organisation
• Many ex-tsarist officers
• Good leadership

Trotsky- military mind (organised the red guards, put in place stick rules, convinced people there they would win, made sure they were fed and armed)
Lenin- direction (April Theses, Treaty, War Communism, NEP)

Weaknesses of the Whites:

• Poor recruitment
• Little co-ordination
• Poor communication
• Poor organisation
• They were a range of mutually antagonistic groups with little in common

Economic

War communism was replaced by NEP in 1921

Social

They reduced the powers of the church as they saw them as a threat to the communist idea

Cheka formed in 1922 to take car of looting but then turned into the secret police

There were mass arrests and executions mostly in white run areas

In 1919 8,000 people were shot

Assassination of Tsar Nicholas and his family

Many people purged by the OGPU within the party

This was used to help with the economy duren the civil war

• Private trade banned.
• Industries nationalised.
• Food Requisitioned.
• Went along with the long term Bolshevik aims.
• Currency failed and was replaced with bartering.
• Opportunity to rebuilt city after ww1.
• Rationing was introduced.

Was introduced in 1921 and used to help the economy after the civil war.

• Increased food production.
• Help economy after civil war.
• Reduced opposition.
• Was a move away from communism.
• Requisitioning.
• Taxation was borough in.
• Small scale business were returned.