Land= Took land off autocrats and gave it to peasants.
Bread=Grain Requisition form peasants gave food to workers.
This meat all the demands of the Russian people and gain more support.
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Treaty of Brest-litovsk
Signed in 1918 Russia lost land:
32% agriculture.
34% of its population.
54% of its industry.
had to pay redemption payment to Germany of $3,000 million. why sign:
Knew civil war was approaching.
Needed man to figh in civil war.
Needed the resources for civil war.
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Civil War (Strengths of the reds)
Strengths of the Reds:
United
Geographical advantages
Good organisation
Many ex-tsarist officers
Good leadership
Trotsky- military mind (organised the red guards, put in place stick rules, convinced people there they would win, made sure they were fed and armed) Lenin- direction (April Theses, Treaty, War Communism, NEP)
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Civil War (Weaknesses of the whites)
Weaknesses of the Whites:
Poor recruitment
Little co-ordination
Poor communication
Poor organisation
They were a range of mutually antagonistic groups with little in common
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Social and Economic Policies
Economic
War communism was replaced by NEP in 1921
Social
They reduced the powers of the church as they saw them as a threat to the communist idea
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Use of Terror
Cheka formed in 1922 to take car of looting but then turned into the secret police
There were mass arrests and executions mostly in white run areas
In 1919 8,000 people were shot
Assassination of Tsar Nicholas and his family
Many people purged by the OGPU within the party
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War Communism
This was used to help with the economy duren the civil war
Private trade banned.
Industries nationalised.
Food Requisitioned.
Went along with the long term Bolshevik aims.
Currency failed and was replaced with bartering.
Opportunity to rebuilt city after ww1.
Rationing was introduced.
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NEP (New Economic Policy)
Was introduced in 1921 and used to help the economy after the civil war.
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