Biology

1. DNA helicase unwinds a gene section of DNA by breaking hydrogen bonds between the complementary base pairs 

2. There are two seperate strands, exposing the bases where one strand acts as a template 

3. Free activated RNA nucleotides bond to complementary base pairs forming hydrogen bonds 

4. RNA polymerase creates a phosphodiester bond between adjacent nucleotides to form a sugar phosphate backbone 

5. Pre-mRNA turns into mature mRNA and leaves the nucles through the nuclear pores

1. the mRNA molecule binds to the ribosome at the starting codon. At the specific tRNA with a complementary anti-codon carrying a specific amino acid will form a hydrogen bond to the first codon 

2. the second specific tRNA with a complemetnary anti-codon carrying  specific amino acid will for hydrogen bonds between second codon 

3. Ribosome catalyses a formation of peptide bonds between two amino acids by the enzyme peptidly transferase [this is an active process] 

4. This process repeats along the mRNA which forms a polypeptide chain until the stop codon is reached 

5. This stop codon releases the polpeptide chain causing everything to dissociate