Biases (III)

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Concepts

  • Belief Polarization - disagreement becomes more extreme when evidence is considered 
  • Biased Assimilation of evidence - people tend to only see the postivies for supportive evidence and criticise contradictory evidence
  • Worldview Backfire Effect - corrective information can result in an even greater belief in the initial argument
  • Science vs Pseudoscience - scientists are not immune to biased assimilation of evidence but worldview backfire effect is not part of scientific cognition
  • Conspirital cognition - deny common knowledge, overwhelming scientfic evidence poses a threat and they reject it
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Evidence

  • Lord et al (1979) - presented evidence for and against the death penalty, ps found valid strengths for their own view and valid criticisms of the opposing view
  • Nhyan and Reifler (2010) - U.S public belief about WMDs in Iraq increased from 2003-8 even after corrective information was provided, found that conservatives increased their belief after being given corrective info
  • Prasad et al (2009) - suggest people actively counter corrective information
  • Three Mile Island nuclear disaster - led no experts to change their views on nuclear power
  • Oliver North - white house conspiracy that was true, guns to Iran
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Evidence

  • Lord et al (1979) - presented evidence for and against the death penalty, ps found valid strengths for their own view and valid criticisms of the opposing view
  • Nhyan and Reifler (2010) - U.S public belief about WMDs in Iraq increased from 2003-8 even after corrective information was provided, found that conservatives increased their belief after being given corrective info
  • Prasad et al (2009) - suggest people actively counter corrective information
  • Three Mile Island nuclear disaster - led no experts to change their views on nuclear power
  • Oliver North - white house conspiracy that was true, guns to Iran
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