B9 - Respiration

B9 - Respiration

• Exothermic reaction and happens all the time in living cells. 

• Glucose + oxygen = Carbon dioxide + water (energy transferred to environment) 

• Most reactions take place in the mitochondria controlled by enzymes

• The energy transferred can: Build sugars and other nutrients into amino acids, maintain constant body temp, enable muscle contarction.

(BREATHTING VS. RESPIRATION): 

BREATHING - PHYSICAL PROCESS OF EXCHANGING GAS. 

RESPIRATION - CHEMICAL PROCESS THAT HAPPENS IN ALL LIVING CELLS, CONTROLLED BY ENZYMES AND IT RELEASES ENERGY!

• Use limewater which turns cloudy if there's carbon dioxide. 
• OR 
• detect a rise in temperature.

Body is well adapted for excercise

Heart - increases oxygen supply to muscles.

Glucose is stored as Glycogen until it is needed

Muscles- Have lots of mitochondria (energy in cells) which need lots of glucose and oxygen, muscle fibres work together to form muscles.

Heart rate - increases, arteries dilate, increases oxygen and glucose supply, Carbon dioxide removal.

Breath rate and Volume - increases and gets deeper. Brings more air into lungs, increases oxygen and removes CO2

Temperature- Increases, sweat calls you down. 

Amount of glycogen stored decreases as it is used as glucose

• Even with an increased heart and breathing rate, not enough oxygen gets to muscles.
• If muscles are worked for a long time they become tired and dont contract well.
• If the muscles dont get oxygen they will respire and produce energy without oxygen.
• Glucose  Lactic acid
• C2H12O6  C3H6O3
• Lactic acid builds can damage bodies if built up.
• We can remove it by reacting it with oxygen 
• Lactic acid + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide + water

Oxygen debt:

The amount of oxygen you need to get rid of Lactic acid. 

Thus, why you breathe quickly and deeply after excercise.

Anerobic respiration in plants: (Yeast - called fermintation, Beer, Wine)

Glucose  ethanol + Carbon dioxide

• Metabolism = sum of all reactions in cell or body
• Some reactions are: 
• Glucose to starch
• fatty acids and glycerol to lipids
• glucose and nitrate ions to amino acids
• amino acids to proteins

• Lactic acid is transported by blood to the liver. Here it is broken down into glucose.

Increases blood supply efficiency. 

Better heart function

Better weight controll

Endurance

Less chance of heart disease.