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Causes
- Mosomorph
- Survival of the fittest
- MAOA gene
- Cadherin 13
- Neurotransmitters: Serotonin, Dopamine and Norepinephrine
- Low income
- Parental criminality
- Large family
- Poor child rearing techniques
- Abnormal functioning of hippocampus
- Head Trauma
- Pregnancy complications
- Birth complications
- Hormones
- Abnormalities of the amygdala
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Effects
- Cadherin 13 - linked to impulse control
- Lower levels of serotonin can lead to a condition called 'intermittent explosive disorder' (characterised by sudden explosive outbursts of rage often resulting in violence)
- Phineas Gage
- Pregnancy complaints - Minor physical anomalies
- Pregnancy complaints - Foetal neural maldevelopment in the last three months
- Pregnancy complications - Nictoine exposure
- Birth complications - Anoxia, forceps delivery and pre-eclampsia
- Birth complications coupled with negative home environment
- Birth complications coupled with material rejection
- Hormones - High levels of testosterone have been linked to antisocial aggressive behaviour
- Hormones - Premenstrual syndrome (unsupported by research)
- Head Trauma - Damage to the prefrontal cortex
- Abnormalities of the amygdala - Poor fear conditioning
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