Outline and Evaluation for the Working Memory Model
- Created by: emmarhianne
- Created on: 23-02-17 16:47
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- Working Memory Model (WMM)
- Baddeley and Hitch suggests a system involving active processing and Short term storage of info
- Phonological Loop (PL)
- Limited capacity, temporary storage system for holding verbal information in a speech based form, codes acoustically
- Phonological store (inner ear) which stores acoustically coded items for brief seconds
- Articulatory control process (inner voice) acts like an inner voice rehearsing info from the phonological store, it circulates info round like a tape loop, as long as we keep repeating it, we can retain the info in working memory; capacity of 2 seconds.
- Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad (VSSP
- Limited capacity, temporary memory system for holding visual and spatial information
- Includes visual cache, a passive visual store and inner scribe, which records the arrangement of objects in our environment
- Refers to what things look like, it is likely that it plays a role in helping us keep tack of where we are in relation to other objects
- Central Executive
- Key component of WMM, drives the whole system and allocates data to the slave systems (VSSP & PL)
- Decides which info is attended to and which parts of the working memory to send that info to be dealt with
- Deals with decision making and reasoning
- Limited capacity but can process information from any sensory modality
- Lack of clarity for Central Executive; seen as the most important store but it is unclear on how it works and what it does, means that the central executive doesn't explain a lot about working memory; incomplete
- Episodic Buffer
- Added to model in 2000
- Temporary store whcih holds the verbal, visual and spatial info processed by other slave systems, allows for events to be recorded as they are happening
- Limited capacity and links WM to LTM.
- One group of pps were asked to carry out 2 visual tasks at the same time, the other asked to carry out 1 verbal task and 1 visual task; results showed that the performed better when performing both tasks
- Suggests both VSSP and PL are limited capacity because VSSP got overwhelmed, performance is better when both are being used, not just one
- The case study of KF supports the WMM; his STM for recalling digits when read allowed was poor, but when read himself was better
- This would suggest his phonological loop has been damaged leaving other areas of his memory in tact; supports the WMM's idea that there are separate visual and acoustic stores
- Case study: hard to generalise to others
- The model is not comprehensive as it only focuses on STM, not SM or LTM, therefore isn't detailed enough on its own.
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