Why did the Cold War begin?
- Created by: Amelia Skelding
- Created on: 03-04-13 16:47
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- Why did the Cold War start?
- Grand Alliance and end of WWII
- Ideological differences
- Woodrow Wilsons - liberal capitalism
- 1917 - Bolshevik takeover - world communism
- Tensions 1917-1944
- Russian civil war - supported Bolshevik enemies
- Refusal of Soviets to honour debts to West
- WWII issues
- Failure to inform Stalin of nuclear bomb
- Appeasement towards Hitler
- Churchill calls Bolsheviks: 'ferocious barbarians'
- Liberation of Europe - Reorganisation Conferences
- Tehran 1943 (Churchill, Stalin & Roosevelt)
- Yalta 1945 (Churchill, Stalin & Roosevelt)
- Potsdam 1945 (Atlee, Stalin and Truman)
- Poland and Germany (4 zones)
- Yalta 1945 (Churchill, Stalin & Roosevelt)
- Poland and Germany (4 zones)
- Ideological differences
- American Actions
- Dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima 1945
- End WWII after Nagasaki
- Not inform Stalin - increase mistrust & suspicion
- Kennan's Long Telegram 1947
- Says communism needs to be contained
- Change in US policy from accommodation to contrainment
- Truman Doctrine 1947
- USA aid any anti-communisstgroup - prevent spread of communism
- Response to Greek Civil War
- Marshall Plan 1948
- Provide financial support to war-torn Europe
- All countries in Europe eligible BUT conditions made it impossible for communist states to apply
- Seen by USSR as dollar imperialism
- NATO 1949
- Military alliance of USA, Canada and most of Europe to defend the West
- Berlin crisis highloghted need for more coordinated approach by the West
- NSC-68
- Return to conventional warfare - funding to fight communism
- Change from containment to 'roll back' communism
- Return to conventional warfare - funding to fight communism
- McCathyism& the Red Scare
- Senate McCathy condemned communism - attempt to revive his political career
- Sparked anti-communist hysteria
- Gained support of public
- Spread of communism feared - embed anti communism views in US society
- Accused many who worked for the goverment of disloyal but had no evidence
- Many still believed him
- Revealed as a liar
- Many still believed him
- Senate McCathy condemned communism - attempt to revive his political career
- Dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima 1945
- Soviet Actions
- Stalin's sphere of influence in Eastern Europe
- Buffer zone or expansionism
- Cominform 1947
- Coordinate communist parties
- Czech Crisis 1948
- Communists expected to do badly in election - stage a coup d'etat
- Soviets force them to reject Marshall aid
- Communists gain control without direct help from USSR
- Comecon 1949
- Response to Marshall Plan
- USSR get the bomb 1949
- Stalin's sphere of influence in Eastern Europe
- Churchill's Iron Curtain Speech (1946) - need for alliance between US & UK
- Classed as 'warmonger' by USSR
- Berlin Blockade (1948-49)
- Stalin severed links between East and West Berlin
- Airlift - showed Western resistance
- Stalin forces to consede defeat and lift blockade
- Formal division of East and West Germany 1949
- Communist takeover of China
- Korean War (1950-53)
- Korea divided after WWII
- Communist North invade capitalist South
- USA support south to prevent spread of commuism
- 'Roll back' communism policy
- Armistice reached - remain split
- Korea divided after WWII
- Grand Alliance and end of WWII
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