Western Revolt 1549
- Created by: Phillipstrumpet007
- Created on: 08-06-20 15:38
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- Western Revolt (Prayer Book Revolt) 1549
- Causes
- Religion
- 1548 - iconoclams by government led to major resentment from Catholics
- Murder of Body in 1548 shows long running religious tensions
- 1549 - anger at the introduction of the Common prayer book and the Act of Uniformity
- Rebels demanded the resotration of the 6 articles and mass in Latin
- Demand for monastires to be restored - at least to in each county
- At least three local priests involved
- 1548 - iconoclams by government led to major resentment from Catholics
- Social Factors
- Anger at introduction of sheep tax
- St Michael's Mont - rebels attacked and robbed the gentry
- Bodmin - "kill the gentry"
- lack of nobility and small number of gentry could be proof
- Regionalism
- 3rd set of articles demanded a prayer book in Cornish
- Sheep tax would have hit the commoners hard in Devon
- Faction / succession
- Article 12 called for the return of Pole as a councillor
- This would reduce the factional influence of Somerset
- Can be seen as an attempt to get a pro Catholic figure onto the council
- Article 12 called for the return of Pole as a councillor
- Religion
- Key Events
- 1548 - WIlliam Body killed - general pardon given - 10 hanged
- The Royal Chaplain is sent to St Kevern to preach the reformation message
- 1549 - Sampford Courtenay - villagers started to resist the new English Book of Common Prayer
- Peter Carew returned to deal with the disturbances - this inflamed the situation
- Crediton - rebels refused to negotiate and 10 rebels were killed causing the protests to turn to rebellions
- The main rebel army moved to Clyst St Mary - negotiated with Sir Thomas Denys and Sir Hugh Pollard
- Soon blocked the road to Exeter
- Risings started in Cornwall led by Sir John Arundel - soon amrched to join protestors in Devon
- Somerset underestiamted the size of the revolt and only sent Russell with a small army
- All offers of pardons were turned down
- In July, Rebels marched on Exeter carrying the 5 wounds of Christ
- Exeter did not fall - under siege for 6 weeks
- Lord Grey arrived with reinforcements - Battle of Clyst Heath - rebels were drawn off and defeated
- Rebels fianlly defeated at Sampford Courtenay with a royal army of 8,000 and 4,000 rebels killed
- 1548 - WIlliam Body killed - general pardon given - 10 hanged
- Dangerous or not?
- Yes: no noble family to deal with the revolt in the early stages
- Yes: Timing with lots of anti-enclosure revolts delaying Somerset
- Yes: took around 3 months of unrest before the rebels were defeated
- No: local focus - no intention to march on London
- No: The rebels could not take Exeter with no noble involvment and little gentry involvement
- Aftermath
- 100 rebels condemned to death
- No religious change - more radically Protestant bible produced in 1552
- New enclosures act restricted landlords' rights over common land of less than three acres
- Causes
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