Viral Infection Mind Map
- Created by: 40100875
- Created on: 19-03-23 12:29
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- VIRAL INFECTIONS
-
Virus – minute particle that is capable of replication but
only within living cells
- Simple microorganism – does not possess metabolic organelles
- Classified by format of nucleic acid – e.g. RNA, DNA, if the virus uses reverse transcriptase enzyme for replication
- Viral disease most common affliction in humans e.g. common cold; ‘cold sore’ of herpes simple virus; HIV; COVID and several forms of hepatitis and cancer.
- Viron – basic viral structure = nucleic acid protected by protein shell the capsid
- TRANSMISSI ON
- Transmission – one infected individual to an uninfected individual: aerosols of respiratory fluids, contact infected blood, sexual contact;
- Transmission – from animal reservoir (zoonotic infection) e.g. via a vector such as mosquitoes
-
The primary defence mechanisms
against viruses – antibodies that prevents
viral entrance into a cell; cellular immunity
that recognizes antigenic changes on
surfaces of infected cells
- Rapid division – produce large numbers of virons more quickly than immune system can develop e.g. short incubation periods of norovirus
- Intracellular survival – viruses hide within cells & away from normal inflammatory or immune responses
- ? Antigenic variation – alteration of ‘identity’ classic example = flu - undergoes frequent antigen shifts; some viruses have multiple stable antigenic serotypes - person recovers from one serotype but not immune to other serotypes of same virus e.g. common cold
-
Viral life cycle – completely intercellular
- 1.
Attachment to target cell
- 2. PENETRATION
- 3. UNCOATING (Release of Viral Nucleic Acis)
- 4. Replication
- 5. Assembly (Formation of New Virons)
- 6. Release
- 5. Assembly (Formation of New Virons)
- 4. Replication
- 3. UNCOATING (Release of Viral Nucleic Acis)
- 2. PENETRATION
- 2. PENETRATION
- 3. UNCOATING (Release of Viral Nucleic Acis)
- 4. Replication
- 5. Assembly (Formation of New Virons)
- 6. Release
- 5. Assembly (Formation of New Virons)
- 4. Replication
- 3. UNCOATING (Release of Viral Nucleic Acis)
- 1.
Attachment to target cell
-
Virus – minute particle that is capable of replication but
only within living cells
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