Tsunamis
- Created by: Charlie Davies
- Created on: 19-05-14 15:16
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- Tsunamis
- Description
- Caused as a result of a natural primary hazard which means they are a secondary hazard
- result of tectonic activity usually shallow focus earthquake
- water is vertically displaced and waves move outwards as the sea floor is deformed as the earthquake strikes
- Tsunami waves travel very fast on the open ocean but their destructive power comes from their towering heights they attain as they approach the coast
- waves travel at 800km/h but due to enormous wave length the wave oscillation can take 20-30mins to complete a cycle of has amplitude of 1m
- 90% occur in Pacific Basin
- Effects depend upon:
- height of waves & distance they have travelled
- length of the event that causes tsuanmi
- extent to which warnings can be given
- coastal physical geography, both offshore and in coastal area
- Coastal land use and population density
- Management
- Prediction
- Pacific Ocean Tsunami Warning System
- Gives an early warning
- However no such thing in Indian Ocean due to poor wealth
- Gives an early warning
- Communiation
- Telephones / email warnings
- LEDC no such communication prevents prediction reaching them
- Telephones / email warnings
- Pacific Ocean Tsunami Warning System
- Education
- Local population aware of hazards in MEDC's and are taught how to respond
- Protection
- Buildings along coastline have preventative measures taken to lessen impact
- walls are built perpendicular to shore so waves can go through them rather than knocking them over
- Stilts used to allow water to run under
- Forest planting between coastline and buildings as tress rapidly slow down waves and cause them to lose energy
- Mangrove tress
- Buildings along coastline have preventative measures taken to lessen impact
- Prediction
- Case Study: ASIA TSUNAMI BOXING DAY 2004
- Background
- 26th December 2004
- Magnitude 9
- Eurasian and Australian Plates
- Impacts
- 10m high waves
- 250000 Deaths
- Population dependent on primary livelihoods= lost everything
- No access to clean water
- Millions left homeless
- Hunger and disease
- Infrastructure destroyed
- Background
- Case Study: JAPANESE EARTHQUAKE 2011
- Background
- 11th March 2011
- Magnitude 9
- Pacific Plate subducted beneath North Americna plate
- Impacts
- 15846 Deaths
- 45700 Buildings destroyed
- 230,000 vehicles destroyed
- Fujinuma irrigation dam ruptured=more flooding
- Fukushima power plant nuclear leak/ eruption
- Present day Fukushima still a nuclear warning zone
- Many areas left deserted due to total devastation
- Background
- Description
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