The Solar System

Detailed mindmap of the keypoints of Topic1 Core Physics

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  • The Solar System
    • Models of the solar system
      • Geocentric (Earth Centred)
        • Proposed by Ptolemy
        • The earth is is the centre and everything else moved around it in circular orbits
        • Both only had the naked eye, no telescopes
      • Heliocentric (Sun Centred)
        • Proposed by Nikolaus Copernicus
        • The sun is in the centre and planets move around it in circular orbits
          • The moon orbits the Earth
          • Planets further away from the sun move slower than the ones closer
          • Stars are in a fixed dome beyond Saturn
        • Both only had the naked eye, no telescopes
      • Galileo Galilei
        • First person to use a telescop to observe the night sky
          • Observed four moons orbiting Jupiter and mountains on the moon
        • Supported the heliocentric model, because not everything was orbiting the Earth
          • Heliocentric (Sun Centred)
            • Proposed by Nikolaus Copernicus
            • The sun is in the centre and planets move around it in circular orbits
              • The moon orbits the Earth
              • Planets further away from the sun move slower than the ones closer
              • Stars are in a fixed dome beyond Saturn
    • Observing  the universe
      • Early astronomers only had observations from the naked eye
      • Telescopes make it easier to see further objects because they gather more light
        • Telescopes make images more magnified and brighter
      • Now, waves other than light are used to observe the universe
    • Telescopes
      • Refracting telescope
        • Both the eyepiece and objective lens are converging
        • objective lens converges a distant image at a focal point
          • eyepiece magnifies the image
      • Reflecting telescope
        • converging eyepiece, concave mirror, plane miorror
        • mirror forms an image of a distant object which is then reflected towards the eyepiece lens off the plane mirror
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