Cognitive approach in psychology
- Created by: IrishEllie98
- Created on: 13-01-15 14:25
View mindmap
- The cognitive approach in psychology
- Basic assumptions
- Mental processes lie between stimulus and response
- Humans are information processors
- Humans actively manipulate and organise information from the environment
- The mind operates in the same way as a computer - both encode, store and output data
- Strengths
- Focuses on internal mental processes unlike behaviourism
- Uses scientific experimental methods, unlike humanistic psychologists
- Models such as the information-processing approach have been effectively used to explain mental processes
- Limitations
- Cognitive models have been criticised as being over-simplistic -- ignoring the complexity of the mind
- Humans are viewed as machines with the crude comparison of the mind to a computer (software and hardware)
- Many cognitive theories are based on the performance of artificial laboratory tasks therefore unrepresentative of everyday behaviours
- Information-processing model
- Mind = software
- Brain=hardware
- ENCODE, STORE, OUTPUT!
- Can be used to explain everyday behaviour
- Computational and connectionist models
- emphasis is now largely to do with the use of stimulations to study how human intelligence is structured
- What is involved when info is processed rather than how much info is processed
- Computational model seeks to explain how our cognitive system operates in terms of goals, plans and actions involved with performing tasks
- Connectionist model uses neural analogy
- mind is made up of neurones
- Forms an activating pattern which represents a meaningful/learn association between 2 or more environmental stimuli
- mind is made up of neurones
- emphasis is now largely to do with the use of stimulations to study how human intelligence is structured
- Applications
- Eye-witness testimony
- Basic assumptions
Comments
No comments have yet been made