Tectonic Hazards Case Study
- Created by: nisha01xox
- Created on: 04-11-17 17:46
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- Tectonic Hazards: Case Study Revision
- Volcano
- Mount Merapi: Indonesia
October 2010
- Geographical Theory: *LEDC – Mt Merapi, Indonesia *Composite volcano with a cone shape. Formed from layers of lava and ash *Located at a destructive plate boundary, where the Indo-Australian subducts under the Eurasian plate.
- Primary Effects: *273 died *577 injured *Ash fell 30km away and volcanic bombs hit the surrounding area.
- Secondary Effects: *Emergency shelters had to be moved as they were too close *Food prices increased due to destroyed crops.
- Immediate Response: *210 evacuation centres – mostly tents *1,600 volunteers *Red Cross and other NGOs helped.
- Long Term Response: *Compensation to farmers *Formal shelters were eventually set up.
- How can they be managed?
- Monitoring: *Seismometers *Gas Sampling *Ground Temperature measurements *Tilt meters.
- Protection: Lava channels
- Prediction: *Quakes, Ash clouds Can glow at night *Magma rises within a volcano.
- Planning: *Evacuation maps/plans*Train emergency services *Create exclusion zones.
- Eyja-fjalla-jokull
Iceland
March/April 2010
- Geographical Theory: *MEDC - Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland *Shield volcano with shallow slopes *Located at a constructive plate boundary as the North American and Eurasian plates pull apart.
- Primary Effects: *Ash blocked out the sun and caused breathing difficulties *Lack of water – due to gas in the air
- Secondary Effects: *100,000 flights were cancelled *Sporting events cancelled throughout Europe.
- Immediate Response: *Cancelled flights to avoid an accident.
- Long Tern Response: *Roads were reconstructed *Protective walls replaced.
- Mount Merapi: Indonesia
October 2010
- Volcano
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