Stress.

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  • Created by: AHBROWN
  • Created on: 28-11-13 09:04
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  • Stress.
    • Causes of stress
      • Work - Johansson's saw mill.
        • Quasi- experiment
          • independent groups design.
            • group one: finishers, highly skilled, responsible for the wages of their team.
            • group 2: cleaners and maintenance  workers, could work at there own pace.
        • 24 participants.
        • physiological measures: urine samples
        • self report stating mood, alertness and caffeine and nicotine consumption
        • Findings: first urine sample of the day found that risk groups adrenaline levels where higher then basline group
          • Self report found that high risk group felt more rushed an irritated.
      • Hassles - Kanner's hassles and uplifts scale.
        • Repeated Measures Design.
        • 100 people who had completed the health survey from 1965.
        • More consistant from month to month
      • Lack of Control - Geer and Maisel study
    • Managing stress
      • Behavioural- Budzynski, biofeedback and reduction of tension headaches
        • experiment
        • 18 participants, self selected, all undertaken medical exam to ensure there is no other reason for the head aches
        • independent measures design
          • group 1: biofeedback sessions with relaxation training and EMG feedback
          • group 2: relaxation techniques but had pseudo-feedback
          • group 3: control told they were on a waiting list
      • social support Waxler and Morrison, social relationships and cancer survival
        • Quasi
        • 133 women under 55 years with a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer
        • used questionnaire on demography, existing social networks, who they were responsible for, contact with friends and family.
        • Survival and reoccurrence rate was checked
        • 6 aspects of social network specifically linked
          • marital status
          • support from friends
          • contact with friends
          • total support
          • social network
          • employment.
    • Measuring Stress
      • Physiological Measures - Geer and Miasel
        • lab experiement
        • 60 undergraduates at the university of new york on a psychology course
        • independent groups design
          • group 1: had control and predictabillity
          • group 2: had no control but predictability
          • group 3: had no control and no predictability
        • seated in sound shielded room wired up to s GSR machine, the machine was baselined
      • Self report- Holmes and Rahe, life events as stressors
        • questionnaire
        • 394- mixed ethnicities, religions and educational abilities.
        • less correlation between black and white participant everyone else seemed to agree
        • participant asked to rate 43 life events based on the amount of readjustment would be needed.
      • Johanson saw mill (see causes of stress)
  • Cognitive- Miechenbaum, stress inoculation therapy.
    • Managing stress
      • Behavioural- Budzynski, biofeedback and reduction of tension headaches
        • experiment
        • 18 participants, self selected, all undertaken medical exam to ensure there is no other reason for the head aches
        • independent measures design
          • group 1: biofeedback sessions with relaxation training and EMG feedback
          • group 2: relaxation techniques but had pseudo-feedback
          • group 3: control told they were on a waiting list
      • social support Waxler and Morrison, social relationships and cancer survival
        • Quasi
        • 133 women under 55 years with a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer
        • used questionnaire on demography, existing social networks, who they were responsible for, contact with friends and family.
        • Survival and reoccurrence rate was checked
        • 6 aspects of social network specifically linked
          • marital status
          • support from friends
          • contact with friends
          • total support
          • social network
          • employment.
    • field experiment
    • 21, aged 17-25 self selected
    • matched pairs design
      • group 1: SIT group
      • group 2: systematic desensatisation
      • control group
    • STI showed better signs of improvement - better at reducing anxiety

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