South Africa: Zulu Wars (1879)
- Created by: Kelly
- Created on: 31-01-15 18:41
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- South Africa: Zulu Wars (1879)
- Background
- Cape of Good Hope was originally colonized by Dutch Settlers
- But as a result of the 1815 Vienna Treaty, ownership passed to Britain
- This was disliked many Dutch Farmers (known as Boers) who disliked British Rule
- In 1836, thousands upon thousands of them left the Cape in what is known as 'The Great Trek'
- They founded two new states of their own
- Transval and Orange Free State. The British still claimed sovereignty over them
- Reasonably, this caused relations between the Boer Republics and the two British colonies - Naval and Cape - to remained strained.
- Tension eased slightly after British recongized Transvaal Independence in 1852.
- Background
- Cape of Good Hope was originally colonized by Dutch Settlers
- But as a result of the 1815 Vienna Treaty, ownership passed to Britain
- This was disliked many Dutch Farmers (known as Boers) who disliked British Rule
- In 1836, thousands upon thousands of them left the Cape in what is known as 'The Great Trek'
- They founded two new states of their own
- Transval and Orange Free State. The British still claimed sovereignty over them
- Reasonably, this caused relations between the Boer Republics and the two British colonies - Naval and Cape - to remained strained.
- Tension eased slightly after British recongized Transvaal Independence in 1852.
- Tension eased slightly after British recongized Transvaal Independence in 1852.
- Reasonably, this caused relations between the Boer Republics and the two British colonies - Naval and Cape - to remained strained.
- Transval and Orange Free State. The British still claimed sovereignty over them
- They founded two new states of their own
- In 1836, thousands upon thousands of them left the Cape in what is known as 'The Great Trek'
- This was disliked many Dutch Farmers (known as Boers) who disliked British Rule
- But as a result of the 1815 Vienna Treaty, ownership passed to Britain
- Cape of Good Hope was originally colonized by Dutch Settlers
- Background
- Tension eased slightly after British recongized Transvaal Independence in 1852.
- Reasonably, this caused relations between the Boer Republics and the two British colonies - Naval and Cape - to remained strained.
- Transval and Orange Free State. The British still claimed sovereignty over them
- They founded two new states of their own
- In 1836, thousands upon thousands of them left the Cape in what is known as 'The Great Trek'
- This was disliked many Dutch Farmers (known as Boers) who disliked British Rule
- But as a result of the 1815 Vienna Treaty, ownership passed to Britain
- Cape of Good Hope was originally colonized by Dutch Settlers
- A threat to both the British and the Boers was the presence on the Naval/Transvaal border of a large and aggressive Zulu Tribe under their king, Cetawayo
- in 138, the Boers had a major clash with the Zulu's at Blood River. 3,000 Zulu's were slaughtered
- Cetawayo was eager to avenge this defeat but was not unfriendly to the British
- The Colonial Secretary, Earl Carnarvon hoped to bring the Transvall and Orange Free State under British control in a union with Naval and Cape
- Carnarvon was responsible for bringing the four provinces of Canada under one federalion in 1867. He had similar plans for South Africa
- The circumstances in SA were different to Canada, however because the Boers were hostile to the idea,
- Carnarvon was responsible for bringing the four provinces of Canada under one federalion in 1867. He had similar plans for South Africa
- Carnarvon decided the Boers, who were being harassed by another tribe, the Bapedi, as well as the Zulu's would be glad of British Protection.
- He sent an-governor of Natal, Sir Theophilus Shepstone, to sound the Boers out.
- He found them to be nervous about Cetawayo and nearly bankrupt! With only 12s 6d in the treasury.
- President Burgers of the Transvaal agreed to a British annexation of the republic. However, he was allowed to publicly protest.
- Carnarvon also appointed Sir Bartle Frere as High Commissioner for South of Africa with the instructions to set up a federation
- Frere was a well-known supporter of expansionist policies
- Basically, a somewhat wayward commissioner
- Annoyed when he discovered Shepstone had promise the Boers self-government. He decided the Zulu threat had to be removed.
- Frere disobeyed orders from London and took it upon himself to launch an invasion into Zulu-land
- Beginning of the war was disaterous for Britain
- The Commander, Lord Chelmsford and his invading army
- Were surprised attacked by a 20,000 strong Zulu Army at Isandhlwana in Jan 1879.
- Over 1,000 men lives were lost
- Chelmsford had ignored advice given to him by the Boers to laager his wagons
- In June of the same year was a further blow.
- The Prince Imperial (son of the former emperor, Napoleon III) who had gone along as an observer had been killed by a Zulu Raiding Party
- These events caused a public outcry in Britain
- The Prince Imperial (son of the former emperor, Napoleon III) who had gone along as an observer had been killed by a Zulu Raiding Party
- In June of the same year was a further blow.
- Chelmsford had ignored advice given to him by the Boers to laager his wagons
- Over 1,000 men lives were lost
- Were surprised attacked by a 20,000 strong Zulu Army at Isandhlwana in Jan 1879.
- Disraeli was angry with Frere
- He didn't know whether or not to sack him or back him-up.
- Frere received a severe reprimand but at the same time Disraeli felt as though he had to send troops
- It took several months before the situation was recovered and the Zulu's defeated at Ulundi
- July 1879, Cetawayo was captured and deported
- It took several months before the situation was recovered and the Zulu's defeated at Ulundi
- Frere received a severe reprimand but at the same time Disraeli felt as though he had to send troops
- He didn't know whether or not to sack him or back him-up.
- The Commander, Lord Chelmsford and his invading army
- Beginning of the war was disaterous for Britain
- Frere disobeyed orders from London and took it upon himself to launch an invasion into Zulu-land
- Annoyed when he discovered Shepstone had promise the Boers self-government. He decided the Zulu threat had to be removed.
- Basically, a somewhat wayward commissioner
- Frere disobeyed orders from London and took it upon himself to launch an invasion into Zulu-land
- Beginning of the war was disaterous for Britain
- The Commander, Lord Chelmsford and his invading army
- Were surprised attacked by a 20,000 strong Zulu Army at Isandhlwana in Jan 1879.
- Over 1,000 men lives were lost
- Chelmsford had ignored advice given to him by the Boers to laager his wagons
- In June of the same year was a further blow.
- The Prince Imperial (son of the former emperor, Napoleon III) who had gone along as an observer had been killed by a Zulu Raiding Party
- These events caused a public outcry in Britain
- The Prince Imperial (son of the former emperor, Napoleon III) who had gone along as an observer had been killed by a Zulu Raiding Party
- In June of the same year was a further blow.
- Chelmsford had ignored advice given to him by the Boers to laager his wagons
- Over 1,000 men lives were lost
- Were surprised attacked by a 20,000 strong Zulu Army at Isandhlwana in Jan 1879.
- Disraeli was angry with Frere
- He didn't know whether or not to sack him or back him-up.
- Frere received a severe reprimand but at the same time Disraeli felt as though he had to send troops
- It took several months before the situation was recovered and the Zulu's defeated at Ulundi
- July 1879, Cetawayo was captured and deported
- It took several months before the situation was recovered and the Zulu's defeated at Ulundi
- Frere received a severe reprimand but at the same time Disraeli felt as though he had to send troops
- He didn't know whether or not to sack him or back him-up.
- The Commander, Lord Chelmsford and his invading army
- Beginning of the war was disaterous for Britain
- Frere was a well-known supporter of expansionist policies
- Carnarvon also appointed Sir Bartle Frere as High Commissioner for South of Africa with the instructions to set up a federation
- President Burgers of the Transvaal agreed to a British annexation of the republic. However, he was allowed to publicly protest.
- He found them to be nervous about Cetawayo and nearly bankrupt! With only 12s 6d in the treasury.
- President Burgers of the Transvaal agreed to a British annexation of the republic. However, he was allowed to publicly protest.
- Carnarvon also appointed Sir Bartle Frere as High Commissioner for South of Africa with the instructions to set up a federation
- Frere was a well-known supporter of expansionist policies
- Basically, a somewhat wayward commissioner
- Annoyed when he discovered Shepstone had promise the Boers self-government. He decided the Zulu threat had to be removed.
- Annoyed when he discovered Shepstone had promise the Boers self-government. He decided the Zulu threat had to be removed.
- Basically, a somewhat wayward commissioner
- Frere was a well-known supporter of expansionist policies
- Carnarvon also appointed Sir Bartle Frere as High Commissioner for South of Africa with the instructions to set up a federation
- He sent an-governor of Natal, Sir Theophilus Shepstone, to sound the Boers out.
- in 138, the Boers had a major clash with the Zulu's at Blood River. 3,000 Zulu's were slaughtered
- Much criticism had been aroused from the Liberals at the time
- They complained about loss of life + expense involved
- Background
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