South Africa KT1
- Created by: GraceM01
- Created on: 03-03-20 10:00
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- Life in SA c.1948
- Race
- 'Coloured' people and indians were categorized- shaped key rights like rights to vote
- Africans-separation between zulus and tswana language. Challenge in 20th century= to create a common African identity.
- Whites- most common= Afrikaners and those of British descent.
- Afrikaner pop= 60% of whites were from Dutch, French and German descent
- Coloured and Indians- included descendants of Sans or Khoikhoi. were about 9% of population. mostly spoke Afrikaans
- Segregation and discrimination
- MPs and most of electorate were white, with a small exception for 'coloureds' and Africans. Most African people were forced to live in segregated areas known as Townships.
- Urbanisation, industrialisation and townships
- Urban. and indust.
- Gold discovered in Transvaal in 1886- mines needed workers and city grew from nothing in 1886 to 100,000 in 1900. By 1948- African pop. outweighed whites for the 1st time
- Gold mines= motor of economy, gradually grew to textiles, clothing, food and machinery
- Majority of Africans lived in countryside, majority of whites lived in towns/cities. 'Poor white problem' became a particular concern for gov. and churches= determined that whites should be separated
- Many absorbed to railways and poor whites had right to vote- Nationalists appealed to them (promise of employment in gov. services and factories)
- TOWNSHIPS- gov. before 1948= keen to maintain cities as predominantly white, but influx of migrants= too large. Townships given to blacks on outskirts of cities. Biggest became Soweto. land rights were tenuous and sanitation poor.
- Urban. and indust.
- Rural Society
- By 1948- landownership was deeply divided by race and class. Whites owned over 80% of land and blacks worked on the farms.
- SA became modernised, wore modern clothes and had modern tastes.
- By 1948- landownership was deeply divided by race and class. Whites owned over 80% of land and blacks worked on the farms.
- Afrikaner culture and politics
- Smuts (United Party) attempted to unify the white pop. within the British Empire. some Afrikaners were resentful of British influence. Malan forms National Party + Afrikaners were deeply divided between the 2 groups.
- 1920s and 30s= increase in Afrikaner Culture.
- Creating new communities in towns (often in Afrikaans speaking suburbs)
- Influence of Britain
- 1948- SA= self governing part of British Empire. People of British descent= 40% of white pop. SA joined ww2 to fight alongside Britain- Afrikaners didn't like this.
- Race
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