Social Psychological Approaches To Explaining Aggression
- Created by: r
- Created on: 20-09-14 11:36
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- Social Psychological Approaches To Aggression
- Social LearningTheory
- Bandura - aggression is learnt through observation of vicarious and direct reinforcement, mental representations and self-efficacy.
- A02 - explains cultural differences -Kung San -aggression is not valued and aggression isn't learned through vicarious reinforcement or by models.
- A02 -Bobo doll studies by Bandura
- A02/AID -unethical to expose children to aggression knowing they may reproduce it
- A02 -aggression in absence of direct reinforcement- children never directly rewarded - vicarious
- A02 - validity, children were aware of demand characteristics and people in real life would hit back unlike the doll - lacks external validity
- Deindividuation
- Occurs when we join a crowd or loss of consciousness self restraint and feel anonymous, lowered fear of evaluation by others.
- A02 - cultural differences - Robert Watson in 23 societies the warriors that changed their appearance the most were more destructive to their victims
- A02 -Zimbardo - groups who were anonymous gave shocks twice aslong as did identifiable participants to the learner
- A02/aid -gender bias- males more prone to disinhibition under deindividuation than females- Cannavale
- Institutional Aggression
- Deprivation model -Paterline and Peterson -prisoner/patient aggression is a product of the conditions of the institution such as over crowding and staff experience.
- A02 -McCorkle et al found lack of privacy and lack of meaningful activity significantly influenced peer violence
- A02 - However research is inconsistent -in psychiatric institutes Nijman et al found that increased personal space failed to decrease aggression and violence among patients.
- importation model - Irwin & Cressey -prisoners bring traits into the prison with them - not blank slates
- A02 - Support for individual factors (age/race/ect)- Harer and Steffensmeir black inmates had higher rates of violent behavior but lower rates of alcohol/drug related misconduct than white males- parallel radicals
- dehumanisation - target groups are dehumanisedso they seem worthless and unworthy of moral consideration
- A02/RWA - O'brian may explain violence against immigrants, seen by some as 'polluting threats to social order.'
- Social LearningTheory
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