social psychology - gender socialisation
- Created by: Elyseee
- Created on: 08-03-21 16:43
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- gender socialisation
- Pattern of socialisation
- Process by which we learn norms, customs and skills needed to participate in society - seen by sociologists as major reason for gender differences in crime
- Sutherland 1949 - boys encouraged to be risk-tales and tough, girls more closely supervised and controlled than boys
- Differences in socialisation lead to more young men becoming criminals - more inclination and opportunity to do so
- Role models
- Girls’ key role model is mother, boys’ is father
- Cohen 1955 - more difficult process for boys, girls have easy access to mothers, fathers are more traditionally more elusive and less available for their sons
- Boys rebel against socialisation offered by mothers, especially if it leads to feminine traits
- Boys pursue opportunities offering to develop their masculinity, seek out male peer groups, may be rewarded fro shows of masculinity such as aggression, toughness, risk-taking and rule breaking - behaviours which could lead to deviant and criminal behaviour
- Differences in social control
- Patriarchal society - men and fathers dominate
- Impose greater control over women - reduces opportunities for women to commit crime
- Heidensohn 1985 - women controlled at home, work and in public.
- Home - daughters depend on parents especially their father, not able to stay out as late, required to do more housework, they develop socialising opportunities involving the home eg) sleepovers
- Adult women - less opportunity for crime because of more restrictions from domestic roles eg) being a mother
- Work - ‘glass ceiling’ prevents women achieving senior positions, so fewer opportunity for white-collar crime
- Public - media reports on crime such as **** controls women by increasing fear of going out alone especially at night, fear causes women to stay home, less opportunity to commit crime
- Media report on female criminals as ‘controlling’ - women risk ‘double jeopardy’ by rejecting societal norms and their femininity
- Pattern of socialisation
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