Sex-role stereotypes and Androgyny
- Created by: mbatchelor10
- Created on: 29-03-17 11:36
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- Sex-role stereotypes and Androgyny
- Sex-role stereotypes
- society has expectations on how men and women should behave
- such expectations are referred to as 'stereotypes' - a fixed belief about a particular group of people
- a set of shared expectations within a social group about what men and women think and do
- a sex-role stereotype is learned from birth as children are exposed to attitudes of their parents and others in their society
- society has expectations on how men and women should behave
- Androgyny
- a concept that we can be both masculine and feminine
- an idea that contrasted with the traditional view that masculine and feminine behaviours are separate
- Bem argued you should feel able to take on behaviours that suit your personality
- e.g. a man who wants to look like a female and be gentle should not have to restrict his personality because it is not a 'manly' behaviour
- measuring androgyny
- BSRI (1970s): Bem Sex Role Inventory
- developed by asking 100 American undergrads which personality traits they thought were desirable for men and women
- narrowed down to 20 males traits and 20 female traits
- masculinity score, feminine score and androgyny score (high ratio of masculine to feminine traits)
- Spence et al pointed out that Bem had not distinguished between people who are androgynous (high in both masculine and feminine traits) or where they were low in both
- developed by asking 100 American undergrads which personality traits they thought were desirable for men and women
- BSRI (1970s): Bem Sex Role Inventory
- a concept that we can be both masculine and feminine
- Gender Schema Theory
- Bem reformulated her approach
- an androgynous person,when faced with a decision as to how to behave in a particular situation, responds indifferently of any gender concept
- Evalution
- Smith and Lloyd (1978)
- babies dressed in unisex snow suits and were given names that either matched their true gender or went against it
- found that babies were given toys that matched their gender of name
- squeaky hammer = masculine toy, doll & squeaky bambi = feminine, squeaky pig & rattle = neutral
- Prakesh et al (2010)
- tested 100 married females in India on:
- masculinity, femininity (personal attribute scale)
- various measures related to health, physical health, depression, anxiety and perceived stress
- females with high masculinity score had lower levels of depression
- this supports the view that androgyny has a psych protective effect because those with masculinity and femininity were better off in terms of their health
- females with high femininity score had higher levels of depression
- females with high masculinity score had lower levels of depression
- tested 100 married females in India on:
- Real world application
- Issue with society is they do not know the difference between sex and gender
- Smith and Lloyd (1978)
- Sex-role stereotypes
- developed by asking 100 American undergrads which personality traits they thought were desirable for men and women
- narrowed down to 20 males traits and 20 female traits
- masculinity score, feminine score and androgyny score (high ratio of masculine to feminine traits)
- Spence et al pointed out that Bem had not distinguished between people who are androgynous (high in both masculine and feminine traits) or where they were low in both
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