Russia revision: The Civil War - State Capitalism and War Communism
- Created by: miaduggan16
- Created on: 12-06-18 13:18
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- Russia revision: The Civil War - state capitalism and war communism
- The Civil War
- 1918-1921
- The Reds
- had control of the railways and the cities
- production of resources/ weapons
- This made communication between the various battlefronts much easier. Trotsky was able to move troops and supplies rapidly to areas under attack.
- had one main aim - to consolidate Bolshevik power
- good leadership with Trotsky leading the army
- RUTHLESSNESS
- Opposition
- Once the Civil War had started, the Bolsheviks banned the other political parties and arrested their leaders.
- The Bolsheviks closed down newspapers which opposed them.
- the CHEKA was created - the Bolshevik Secret Police. The CHEKA hunted down and arrested anyone who was suspected of opposing the Bolsheviks.
- properghanda
- The Bolsheviks organised a highly effective propaganda campaign in the areas they controlled
- Opposition
- main aim was to supply the Red Army with food and supplies
- had control of the railways and the cities
- THE WHITES
- Their leaders were experienced military commanders; they controlled huge areas of Russia; they had the Bolsheviks surrounded
- the White Armies began to face major problems and difficulties in organising their campaigns
- Foreign intervention
- the western countries were aiding the whites (to prevent the spread of communism in their own country)
- Lenin used this against them to claim that they were in the debt to the enemy
- the western countries were aiding the whites (to prevent the spread of communism in their own country)
- WAR COMMUNISM
- REQUISITIONING
- The Cheka forcefully collected the majority of the peasants grain and supplies
- some peasants would hide and hoard their grain while others would attempt and fail to refuse the requisitioning squads when they arrived
- peasents slaughtered cattle and ate as much as they could
- FAMINE OF 1921
- worst hit were the kulaks who had more personal wealth than the average peasant
- DISCIPLINE OF LABOR
- strikes were forbidden
- working hours were extended
- fines were imposed for laziness and absenteeism
- hard work could be rewarded with ration cards and bonuses
- rations were awarded on a class basis - the red army got the highest
- main aim was to supply the Red Army with food and supplies
- REQUISITIONING
- STATE CAPITALISM
- 1917-1918
- reinstated capitalism slightly
- opened private markets for profit
- peasants could produce and sell surplus grain to the cities
- food flowed from countryside to cities through NEP/SACKMEN
- peasants could produce and sell surplus grain to the cities
- small businesses were allowed to reopen
- peasants could produce and sell surplus grain to the cities
- food flowed from countryside to cities through NEP/SACKMEN
- peasants could produce and sell surplus grain to the cities
- workers would run their own factories - buy their own resources and give wages via their own budget
- the workers gave themselves stupidly high wages for the little output being produced
- the state kept control of heavy industry
- Little production
- opened private markets for profit
- CAUSED A DIVISION IN THE PARTY
- not 'true' socialism
- decree on land 1917, nationalization of banks
- GOELRO 1920- ELECTRICITY
- WAR COMMUNISM
- REQUISITIONING
- The Cheka forcefully collected the majority of the peasants grain and supplies
- some peasants would hide and hoard their grain while others would attempt and fail to refuse the requisitioning squads when they arrived
- peasents slaughtered cattle and ate as much as they could
- FAMINE OF 1921
- worst hit were the kulaks who had more personal wealth than the average peasant
- DISCIPLINE OF LABOR
- strikes were forbidden
- working hours were extended
- fines were imposed for laziness and absenteeism
- hard work could be rewarded with ration cards and bonuses
- rations were awarded on a class basis - the red army got the highest
- REQUISITIONING
- CONDITIONS DURING THE CIVIL WAR
- Industrial production fell rapidly
- raw materials were in short supply
- workers were taken to join the red army
- The Reds
- had control of the railways and the cities
- production of resources/ weapons
- This made communication between the various battlefronts much easier. Trotsky was able to move troops and supplies rapidly to areas under attack.
- had one main aim - to consolidate Bolshevik power
- good leadership with Trotsky leading the army
- RUTHLESSNESS
- Opposition
- Once the Civil War had started, the Bolsheviks banned the other political parties and arrested their leaders.
- The Bolsheviks closed down newspapers which opposed them.
- the CHEKA was created - the Bolshevik Secret Police. The CHEKA hunted down and arrested anyone who was suspected of opposing the Bolsheviks.
- properghanda
- The Bolsheviks organised a highly effective propaganda campaign in the areas they controlled
- Opposition
- had control of the railways and the cities
- The Reds
- rampant inflation
- since money was worthless, peasants reverted back to substance farming - catering just for their needs
- urban dwellers experienced an extreme shortage of food, fuel and basic necessities
- some had to ***** their own house to heat themselves in the winter
- Industrial production fell rapidly
- The Civil War
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