Respiration
- Created by: Anon
- Created on: 17-04-15 19:51
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- Respiration
- Glycolysis
- 1. Glucose is activated by phosphorylation (addition of 2 phosphate molecules
- 2. The glucose is converted to 2 molecules of TP (3 carbons)
- 3. The TP is oxidised, converting NAD into NADH
- 4. TP is converted into pyruvate (3 carbons)
- Occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen
- Link reaction
- 1. Pyruvate is actively transported to the matrix of the mitochondria
- 2. Pyruvate is oxidised to convert NAD to NADH
- 3. An acetyl group (2 carbons) is formed from the pyruvate
- 4. The acetyl group combines with CoA to give acetyl-CoA (2 carbons)
- Pyruvate + NAD + CoA -> acetyl-CoA + NADH + CO2
- Krebs cycle
- 1. Acetyl-CoA combines with a 4 carbon molecule to give a 6 carbon molecule
- 2. The 6 carbon molecule is converted back to the 4 carbon molecule to begin the cycle again
- 3. During this cycle NADH, FADH, ATP and 3 molecules of carbon dioxide
- Electron transport chain
- 1. NADH and FADH donate electrons to begin the ETC
- 2. Protons are also released and actively transported to the inner membrane of the mitochondria
- 3. The electrons travel down the ETC losing energy as they go, this energy is used to synthesise ATP
- 4. The protons that have accumulated in the inner membrane now diffuse back into the matrix
- 5. The electrons then combine with the protons to make water
- Glycolysis
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