Research methods
- Created by: CWylie
- Created on: 27-11-14 16:43
View mindmap
- Research Methods
- Experimental Method
- Investigation used to demonstrate relationship between cause and effect
- Factors are manipulated
- Independent Variable
- The factor that is changed in the experiment
- Dependent Variable
- The observed and measured factor
- Influenced by the IV
- Extraneous Variable
- A variable other than the ones being tested
- If not controlled it can change the outcome; confounding variable
- Independent Variable
- Factors are manipulated
- Placebo
- A fake drug that has no known effects
- Experiments
- Labratory
- High control over variables
- Stroop 1935
- 'Stroop effect'
- The length of time it takes to name color names, compared to colour names in the colour, eg. blue, written in blue compared to blue writen in black
- 'Stroop effect'
- Doesn't have to take place in a Labratory
- Evaluation
- Advantages
- They're easy to replicate because its so controlled
- Its easier to control the confounding variables
- Measuring and recording equipment can be used more in the controlled situation
- Disadvantages
- Loss of validity, because of high control
- Demand characteristics
- Ethical issues
- Consent
- use of animals
- Advantages
- Field Experiments
- carried out in natural environment
- Evaluation
- Advantages
- Improved ecological validity
- non-artificial
- Reduction of demand characteristics
- Improved ecological validity
- Disadvantages
- Hard to establish control
- Cost and time
- Ethical isssues
- Consent
- Confidentiality
- Use of aimals
- Advantages
- Natural
- The researcher doesn't directly control the IV
- Berkowitz 1970
- Witnessing violence makes people more violent
- Evaluation
- Advantages
- Reduction of demand characteristics
- Lack of direct intervention
- Disadvantages
- Loss of control
- what the researches wants to see may not happen
- Ethical issues
- Consent
- Confidentiality
- Advantages
- Labratory
- Investigation used to demonstrate relationship between cause and effect
- Experimental Design
- AIm
- Provide an overall plan for the experiment
- Ensure appropriate and precise measures are made
- Enable all the data collected to be alayzed correctly
- Eliminate bias
- Ensure high control
- Independent groups design
- involves using different participants in each condition
- Evaluation
- Advantages
- No order effects
- Advantages
- Repeated measure design
- Involves every participant being exposed to every condition
- Counterbalancing
- equal number of participants taking part in different orders
- Randomisation
- randomly determining the presentation order of conditions, eg tossing a coin
- Evaluation
- Advantage
- Individual differences are no longer a confounding variable
- Fewer participants needed
- Disadvantages
- Range of potential is smaller
- Can have order effects
- Advantage
- Mathced pairs design
- Evaluation
- Advantages
- Individual differences removed
- No order effects
- Disadvantages
- Hard and time consuming
- Advantages
- matching each participants to each other in the conditions
- Evaluation
- AIm
- Hypothesis
- a statement that is testable
- Null hypothesis
- Predicts experiment results can be explained by chance variation not manipulation of the IV
- Alternative
- predicts something other than chance variation has played a part in obtaining results
- Directional and non directional
- directional predicts the direction of the results expected
- Non directional does not predict the expected direction of outcome
- Pilot Studies
- Small scale trials of the official experiment
- Test for instructions, measuring instruments, measurements etc
- Experimental Method
- Evaluation
- Experimental Method
- Investigation used to demonstrate relationship between cause and effect
- Factors are manipulated
- Independent Variable
- The factor that is changed in the experiment
- Dependent Variable
- The observed and measured factor
- Influenced by the IV
- Extraneous Variable
- A variable other than the ones being tested
- If not controlled it can change the outcome; confounding variable
- Independent Variable
- Factors are manipulated
- Placebo
- A fake drug that has no known effects
- Experiments
- Labratory
- High control over variables
- Stroop 1935
- 'Stroop effect'
- The length of time it takes to name color names, compared to colour names in the colour, eg. blue, written in blue compared to blue writen in black
- 'Stroop effect'
- Doesn't have to take place in a Labratory
- Evaluation
- Advantages
- They're easy to replicate because its so controlled
- Its easier to control the confounding variables
- Measuring and recording equipment can be used more in the controlled situation
- Disadvantages
- Loss of validity, because of high control
- Demand characteristics
- Ethical issues
- Consent
- use of animals
- Advantages
- Field Experiments
- carried out in natural environment
- Evaluation
- Advantages
- Improved ecological validity
- non-artificial
- Reduction of demand characteristics
- Improved ecological validity
- Disadvantages
- Hard to establish control
- Cost and time
- Ethical isssues
- Consent
- Confidentiality
- Use of aimals
- Advantages
- Natural
- The researcher doesn't directly control the IV
- Berkowitz 1970
- Witnessing violence makes people more violent
- Evaluation
- Advantages
- Reduction of demand characteristics
- Lack of direct intervention
- Disadvantages
- Loss of control
- what the researches wants to see may not happen
- Ethical issues
- Consent
- Confidentiality
- Advantages
- Labratory
- Investigation used to demonstrate relationship between cause and effect
- Advantages
- The confounding variables are iliminated
- Constant Variables
- They do not have to wait for it to naturally occur
- The confounding variables are iliminated
- Disadvantages
- Participants know they are taking part and so it may affect the results as they may act differently
- It can be inappropriate or unethical
- Experimental Method
Comments
No comments have yet been made