RESEARCH METHODS
- Created by: libbyelvidge
- Created on: 07-01-23 12:58
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- research methods
- hypothesis
- a precise and testable statement that suggests what the research result will be.
- it must: be a statement, include all conditions of the IV and include an operationalise DV.
- operationalise- make it clear and precise what is being measured. It specifically states whats being measured and usually gives numerical data
- different types of hypothesis
- experimental (H1)-will have an effect/will increase or decrease
- null (H0)-will have no effect
- directional (one-tailed) - will increase/decrease
- non-directional (two-tailed) - will have an effect
- laboratory and field experiments
- lab- controlled setting, have high internal validity as the variables are highly controlled but has low ecological validity as pps are aware they're being studied and tasks are likely artifical.
- strengths: high internal validity
- limitations; PPS usually aware, the IV or DV operationalised in way that lacks mundane realism, low ecological validity
- field- more natural environment, the IV is still deliberately manipulated by the researcher and the DV is still measured by the researcher.
- strengths: PPS usually unaware so no demand characteristics, more natural environment so PPS more relaxed.
- limitations: IV may lack mundane realism, difficult to control extraneous variables, ethical issues
- lab- controlled setting, have high internal validity as the variables are highly controlled but has low ecological validity as pps are aware they're being studied and tasks are likely artifical.
- pilot study
- a small scale trial run of a research design before the real thing.
- the see if certain aspects do or don't work, if PPS don't understand, guess aim or get bored
- experimental design
- independent groups-one group goes condition A and a second group do condition B
- repeated measures- the same participants do all conditions of the experiment
- order effects-an extraneous variable arising from the order the different conditions are presented
- counterbalancing- divide PPS into two groups- AB/BA or AB/BA
- order effects-an extraneous variable arising from the order the different conditions are presented
- matched pairs- two groups but they are related by being paired by relevant participant variables
- hypothesis
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