research methods
- Created by: elin_490
- Created on: 18-10-15 11:20
View mindmap
- research methods
- experiment
- IV
- variable that changes
- DV
- variable that is measured
- IV
- Hypothysis
- Directional
- Preicts the kind of difference and the direction
- null
- assumes there is no relationship
- non-Directional
- Proposes a difference but doesnt specifyt he direction
- Directional
- Experimental Design
- Independant groups
- Ever p only experience one level of the IV
- Advantage - less chance of demand characteristics
- Disadvantage- more Ps needed -Individual differences could be problematic
- Ever p only experience one level of the IV
- Repeater measures
- Every P experiences every level of the IV
- Advantage -less Ps needed -Individual differences reduced
- Disadvantage- Demand characteristic -order effects may occur
- Every P experiences every level of the IV
- matched pairs
- Ps are matched (gender, age) the every P experiences one level of the IV
- Advantage- individual difference minimised -less chance of demand characteristics
- Disadvantag- hard and time consuming to match pairs -more Ps needed
- Ps are matched (gender, age) the every P experiences one level of the IV
- Independant groups
- Validity
- Legitimacy of the study
- Internal
- extraneous variables
- variable that may affect the DV but does not vary systematically with it (bot groups)
- Confounding variable
- Untitledvariable that had affected the DV and does vary systematically with it (one group)
- extraneous variables
- external
- mundane realism
- Untitledhow realistic the research environment is
- generalisability
- extent to which results can be tranffered to other people, setting and time periods
- Ecological validity
- I have generalisable the results are to real life
- population validity
- how generalisable the results are to other people
- Historical Validity
- how generalisable the results are to different time periods
- Ecological validity
- extent to which results can be tranffered to other people, setting and time periods
- mundane realism
- Reliability
- The consistancy of research
- internal
- Ovations and interviews- may be and issue with the extent to which two observers agree when studying the same behaviour
- Inter observer/inter rater- Extent to which they agree can be calculated by loking at the correlation between their scores, can be improved by training
- Psychological test- split half method- compares answeres from two halves of the test
- Ovations and interviews- may be and issue with the extent to which two observers agree when studying the same behaviour
- external
- results may not be consistant over time
- test retest method- same person tested over a period of time
- results may not be consistant over time
- Quasi experiments
- researcher doesnt manipulate the IV directly as it would occur anyway
- natural
- IV is occurring naturally
- studuesd difference
- I is something that is a pre-existing condition
- type of data
- secondary- from different study
- Advantges-cheaper -easier
- disadvanges- dta may not fit the needs of the study -may be only mathod available
- primary-firsthand
- Advantage- likely to be up to date -researcher had control
- disadvantage-lengthy and expensive
- quantitive-numbers and quantites
- Advantage-easy to analyse -reliable
- disadtantage- oversimplifies human experience
- qualitative-words, cant be quantified
- disadvantage- investigator bias -difficult to detect patterns and trends
- advantage- reveals meaning -detailed
- secondary- from different study
- location
- Lab
- room set up to allow research
- Disadvantage- no natural -may not be practical
- Advantage- more control -allows specialist equiptment
- room set up to allow research
- Field
- more natural setting
- Disadvantage- hard to control -hard to use specialist equiptment
- Advantage- more natural -bigger range of things you can do
- more natural setting
- online
- Avantage- easy large group -cheap
- disvantage- limited things to do -easy to lie -ethics difficult to deal with
- Lab
- experiment
Comments
No comments have yet been made