4. Religion, renewal and choice
- Created by: Amy Parkinson
- Created on: 08-04-15 13:06
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- Religion, renewal and choice
- Postmodernity and religion
- Believing without belonging
- DAVIE
- Religion is not declining
- Religion is becoming more privatised
- There is a trend toward vicarious religion where people rely on others to practice relgion for them so that it is there for them when they need it
- There are multiple moderntiies
- Rejects the view that science will replace religion. Instead they will coexist
- BIBBY
- Only 25% of Canadians attend church regularly despite the fact that 80% said they had religios beliefs
- EVAL: VOAS & CROCKETT: there is not more belief than belonging because levels of belief have too declined
- EVAL: BRUCE: belief without belonging shows that lack of strength of beliefs if people are not willing to invest time in going to church
- DAVIE
- Spiritual shopping
- HERVIEU-LEGER
- There has been a decline in religiosity partly due to cultural amnesia where parents fail to pass on religious belief to their children
- Religion has become more a matter of personal choice
- Young people no longer feel their religious identity is fixed and become spiritual shoppers where they mix elements of different religoins
- Spiritual shopping has led to 2 types of religious people: pilgrims who are on a quest for self-discovery and converts who are trying to recreate traditional religion
- HERVIEU-LEGER
- LYON: 'Jesus in Disneyland
- Due to the media, religious symbols have become 'dis embedded'
- These symbols are now used by individuals to recreate their own 'DIY' pick and mix religions
- People ahve become 'religious consumers' making conscious choices about which elements of religion they find useful
- EVAL: BRUCE: the consumerist religion that Lyon describes is weak religion and has little effect on the life of it's adherents
- Believing without belonging
- Religious market theory
- STARK & BAINBRIDGE
- Secularisation is Eurocentric- that is it focuses on the decline religion in Europe only
- There is no 'golden age' of religion in the past as secularisation theory implies
- It's not realistic to predict an end-point where everyone will be atheists
- Religion will never completely die out as people are essentially religious
- In the USA religion is still popular and religion instead goes through a secularisation cycle where an established religion dies out and is replaced by another
- Religious diversity leads to people being more religious because religions are forced to compete against one another to attract 'customers'
- Western Europe is experiencing secularisation because there is a religious monopoly and less religious diversity than in the USA
- STARK & BAINBRIDGE
- Existential security theory
- NORRIS & INGLEHART
- People become more religious the less existential security they have
- Poor Third-world countries are more religious as they have less existential security than richer countries
- America is more religious than Europe due to it's less generous welfar state
- GILL & LUNDEGAARDE
- The more a country spends on welfare, the lower the levels of religiosity
- EVAL: VASQUEZ:
- Norris & Inglehart only use quantitative data about income levels; they dont examine peoples own definitions of 'existential security'
- They only see religion as a negative response to deprivation. they ignore the positive reasons people have for religious particpation
- NORRIS & INGLEHART
- Postmodernity and religion
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