Religion, Renewal and Choice
Little mindmap based on the Rob Webb chapter of the same name
- Created by: alice donnelly
- Created on: 25-12-12 20:50
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- Religion, renewal and choice
- Believing without belonging
- Grace Davie (2007)- argues against secularisation. Instead thinks that people believe but don't practice
- Vicarious Religion- where a small number of prof clergy practise religion on behalf of small number of people
- Evidence- Bibby (1993)- 25% canadians attended church regularly, 80% said they were religious
- Vicarious Religion- where a small number of prof clergy practise religion on behalf of small number of people
- Criticism- Voas and Crockett (2005)- evidence from surveys show attendance AND belief= declining
- Grace Davie (2007)- argues against secularisation. Instead thinks that people believe but don't practice
- Spiritual Shopping
- Hervieu- Leger (2000;2006)
- Dramatic decline in institutional religion in Eurtope, 'cultural amnesia'- we don't inherit fixed religious identity so we choose
- Two new religious movements- Pilgrims (follow path for self discovery) and Converts (join groups with strong sense of belonging)
- Dramatic decline in institutional religion in Eurtope, 'cultural amnesia'- we don't inherit fixed religious identity so we choose
- Hervieu- Leger (2000;2006)
- Lyon- 'Jesus in Disneyland'
- Traditional religion = given way to a variety of new religious forms
- Globalisation= movement of ideas, ideas= disembedded. Harvest Day Crusade at Disneyland- boundaries blurred. Rel= de-institutionalised
- Postmodern society= growth of consumerism. Means we pick and mix elements of religion to find identity. Means religion isn't abandoned but loss of faith in 'meta- narratives'
- Lyon sees this as 're-enchantment', proof against secularisation, form has just changed
- BUT PMists see growth of electronic rel media as evidence against secularisation
- Traditional religion = given way to a variety of new religious forms
- Religious Market Theory
- Stark and Bainbridge (1985)- secularisation theory is eurocentric and distorted
- RMT is based on a) people are naturally religious so demand remains constant and b) it's human nature to seek reward and weigh up costs and benefits
- Religion thrives in the US because there's never been a religious monopoly unlike europe where big rel orgs led to decline in others- lack of supply/ Biggest factor in secularisation
- Criticisms- Bruce- says S&B misinterpreted theory. Norris& Inglehart- study found countries with dominant church practise more, contradicts them
- Existential Security Threat
- Norris and Inglehart- reasons for variations in religiosity between countries= differing degrees of 'existential secularity'- the feeling that survival is secure enough to be taken for granted
- Poor countries- high level of insecurity- high level of religion
- Rich countries- secure- less need for religion
- Europe vs America- Western Europe becoming secular because it's secure, US isn't because it's 'unequal'
- EVIDENCE- Gill & Lundegaarde- the more a country spends on social welfare, the lower the level of rel participation
- BUT Vasquez (2007) says they don't examine individual definitions of 'existential security' and they only see religion as negative response to deprivation
- Norris and Inglehart- reasons for variations in religiosity between countries= differing degrees of 'existential secularity'- the feeling that survival is secure enough to be taken for granted
- Believing without belonging
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