Realism & Liberalism
- Created by: JasmineP46
- Created on: 14-02-21 10:43
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- Realism and Liberalism
- Human nature
- Fixed, cannot be changed
- States want to increase their sovereignty & influence
- States motivated by need to survive
- States want to increase their sovereignty & influence
- Not fixed
- Humans are naturally sociable & cooperative
- More optimistic
- Humans favour individual liberty & rights
- Possible to impose order from above
- Naturally selfish & egoistic
- Fixed, cannot be changed
- Power
- Recognise the limits of soft power. Can be used in smart power.
- Some types of power, especially military, can be counterproductive (security dilemma)
- Increasing & maintaining power is the main goal is states.
- States can increase power through cooperation with each other
- Powerful states overcome weaker states
- Threats & force are particlarly important type sof hard power
- Self-help system where no other actor can be guaranteed to protect a state's security
- Importance of economic power
- International organisations
- Useful for peace resolutions
- discussions & negotiations
- Should never infringe on a states' sovereignty
- Can enhance state power & sovereingty. Not useful if not possible to achieve national interest
- Dangerous if the IGO has power to compel the state to do things
- Offer a means of deepening economic integration
- Opportunity for states to work together - can be more powerful than acting alone
- Useful for peace resolutions
- States & sovereignty
- Sovereignty is used to benefit states' interests. It can be pooled to achieve common aims.
- Sovereignty is an absolute concept
- Nothing can infringe on a states' sovereignty
- Another state's sovereignty may be infringed if it is necessary to uphold state values
- States are most powerful global actors
- States should be wary of giving up too much sovereignty to IGOs
- Order & conflict
- Conflict is an unavoidable part of global poltiics
- Conflict is sometimes necessary to defend national interests or increase power & influence
- Conflict should be avoided where possible
- IGOs, such as the UN, provide a good forum for peace resolution
- Every state is a potential threat to other states
- Deeper economic integration / economic globalisation makes conflict less likely
- Human nature
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