PSYCHODYNAMIC: explanation and therapy
- Created by: ava.scott
- Created on: 12-05-15 09:46
View mindmap
- PSYCHODYNAMIC
- THERAPY
- AO1
- Focuses on analysing unconscious conflicts so as to understand them leading to catharsis.
- free association
- when the patient talks feely and without editing to the therapist, in hope to identify unconcious associations with depression.
- dream analysis
- therapist will look for signs of repressed anger and a strive to be perfect in the dreams as these can lead to depression..
- transference
- patient associate the loss or anger at a parent onto the tehrpaist, and then they will work it out.
- this can lead to dependency,
- patient associate the loss or anger at a parent onto the tehrpaist, and then they will work it out.
- psychoanalysis
- can take years
- intense, many sessions a week,
- lying on couch.
- psychoanalytical therpay
- less sessions a week
- more face to face.
- Research
- Burnand
- 74 patients
- Found that combing PT and drugs was more successful than just drugs.
- doesn't control how PT relieves depression.
- may just be social support/ stress relief.
- shows that psychotherapy is more effective than just drugs, and so an integrated approach may be useful.
- Driessen
- found no difference between the success rates of CBT and PT.
- after 16 weeks of treatment.
- 341 pateints
- 22.7% relapse rate for both PT and CBT.
- Both may be a social support and stress relief, rather than a understanding of negative thought processes/ unconscious conflicts.
- CBT is a very widely used therapy, and this study shows that PT is just as effective, therefore supporting its role.
- found no difference between the success rates of CBT and PT.
- Burnand
- wider evaluation
- efficacy
- Research
- Burnand
- 74 patients
- Found that combing PT and drugs was more successful than just drugs.
- doesn't control how PT relieves depression.
- may just be social support/ stress relief.
- shows that psychotherapy is more effective than just drugs, and so an integrated approach may be useful.
- Driessen
- found no difference between the success rates of CBT and PT.
- after 16 weeks of treatment.
- 341 pateints
- 22.7% relapse rate for both PT and CBT.
- Both may be a social support and stress relief, rather than a understanding of negative thought processes/ unconscious conflicts.
- CBT is a very widely used therapy, and this study shows that PT is just as effective, therefore supporting its role.
- found no difference between the success rates of CBT and PT.
- Burnand
- Research
- appropriateness
- slow
- takes a long time so may not be suitable for severe depressives
- dependency
- the patient may become reliant on their therapist, leading to less autonomy.
- engaging
- the therapy requires the pteint to turn up and engage with the therapist.
- depressed people may not be able to do this,
- the therapy requires the pteint to turn up and engage with the therapist.
- harmful
- invasive and brings up past issues
- could worsen depression, and create a greater risk of depression.
- invasive and brings up past issues
- looks at root cause
- good because doesn't treat symptoms.
- doesn''t teach any coping strategies, just hopes that catharsis will occur!
- slow
- good because iw as the first treatments that recognized mental illness.
- efficacy
- AO1
- EXPLANATION
- AO1
- Freud
- The loss, or perceived loss, of a parent or caregiver causes depression.
- Anger at death is turned inwards and causes self-hatred.
- Further explanation
- inconsistent or unloving parenting leads to a unstable and fearful childhood environment.
- confusion and fear turns to anger at self, for being unworthy of love.
- This creates a constant striving to be perfect to achieve love.
- Love is never received, leading to disappointment and a feeling of failure and guilt.
- This creates a constant striving to be perfect to achieve love.
- confusion and fear turns to anger at self, for being unworthy of love.
- inconsistent or unloving parenting leads to a unstable and fearful childhood environment.
- ANACLITIC depression
- constant grief over a loss, or the risk of losing someone close to them.
- INTROJECTIVE depression
- Constant feeling of failure at not being able to meet targets as set by themselves or others.
- Freud
- RESEARCH
- Bifulco
- 250 women lost their mothers before the age of 17.
- found they were 2x more likely to be depressed.
- those who experienced loss before 6 were even more likely to get depressed.
- This supports the theory because its shows how a childhood loss may create a susceptibility to depression, due to anger turned inwards.
- The research does not establish cause and effect
- the loss of mothers may have been very stressful, leading to greater cortisol levels, and therefore depression.
- Mothers may help the teaching of adaptive thinking, and therefore the loss would lead to more negative thinking and silent assumptions.
- Beck and Ward
- found no signs of repressed anger or frustration in dream analysis of depressed people.
- dream manifestation is a key aspect in Freud's theory, sop this absence highlights an inconsistency.
- However- depressed people may not report their dreams accurately, so anger may be three, but just not expressed clearly.
- found no signs of repressed anger or frustration in dream analysis of depressed people.
- Bonanno
- Only 10% of people who lose a parent develop depression.
- This doesn't support the theory because the majority of those who lose a parent do not get depression.
- The interaction of adults after the death may be more important than the actual loss itself.
- This doesn't support the theory because the majority of those who lose a parent do not get depression.
- Low control-- we haven't observed their childhood.
- Only 10% of people who lose a parent develop depression.
- Weissman
- found that depressed people were hostile and aggressive to other, not just themselves.
- The theory suggests all anger is turned inwards, and accompanied by a constant need to please.
- however- they may still be very self-critical and angry, so doesn't disprove the mechanism.
- found that depressed people were hostile and aggressive to other, not just themselves.
- wider evaluation
- good
- first explanation of depression that resulted in treatment.
- focus of relationships is realistic and may help many cases.
- bad
- blames parents
- deterministic
- says that everyone who experiences loss or unaffectionate childhood will later experience depression.
- good
- Bifulco
- AO1
- THERAPY
Comments
No comments have yet been made