particles, mixtures and compounds
- Created by: wilby99
- Created on: 27-01-16 13:08
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- Particles and mixtures
- Particles-definitions
- Atom: the smallest particle of an element
- Molecule:cluster of non-metals covalently joined together
- there are molecules of compounds and molecules of elements
- Element: a pure substance that has only one type of atom in it
- compound:a pure substance made from different elements chemically bonded together
- Mixture: an impure substance that is not chemically bonded together and can be separated via different means
- Simple distilation
- Salty water is heated
- The water vapours cool in the condenser and drip into the beaker
- The water has condensed into the beaker and the salt is left behind
- The water vapours cool in the condenser and drip into the beaker
- Salty water is heated
- fractional distillation
- water and ethanol solution is heated
- The ethanol evaporates first as it has a lower boiling point and it is then collected into a beaker.
- The water then evaporates and condenses into another beaker
- The ethanol evaporates first as it has a lower boiling point and it is then collected into a beaker.
- water and ethanol solution is heated
- paper chromatography
- spots of ink or dye are placed on a pencil line
- as the solvent moves up the paper some of the dye seperates and moves with it
- This can be done on colourless substances by using a locating agent.
- spots of ink or dye are placed on a pencil line
- filtration
- one beaker contains a mixture of solid and water and the other contains a funnel with filter paper in it
- the mixture is poured into the filter funnel
- the liquid drips through but the solids are caught in the paper
- the mixture is poured into the filter funnel
- one beaker contains a mixture of solid and water and the other contains a funnel with filter paper in it
- crystallisation
- where there is a mixture such as salt water the substance is heated until the water has evaporated and the salt formed crystals in a residue behind
- Particles-definitions
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