OSI Reference Model

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  • OSI Reference Model
    • Physical Layer
      • The physical characteristics of cable
        • Size of plugs
        • Maximum cable
      • Can be wireless
        • Measures Radio Frequency and Transmission power
    • Data Link Layer
      • Takes input from Data layer
      • Splits bit streams into messages
      • Perform Media Access Control
        • Assigns addresses to hosts on the link
    • Network Layer
      • Interconnects multiple links to form a wide area network
      • Examples IP, ICMP
    • Transport Layer
      • Provides end-to-end transfer of data
      • Example Protocols include UDP, TCP
      • The Transport Layer takes segments as input
    • Application Layer
      • Takes data as input
      • User application protocols
        • Not the application programs themselves
      • Examples include: HTTP or HTTPS, DNS and FTP
    • Session Layer
      • Takes data as an input
      • Manages the connections created on  the transport layer
      • Use SMTP to transfer email messages over a TCP/IP connection
    • Presentation Layer
      • Takes Data as input
      • Manages the presentation of data
      • Considers Character set or markup languages like HTML and JSON
      • Examples SSL, Telnet,  HTTP/HTML

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