Organelles in a cell

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  • Created by: Dom.b
  • Created on: 07-10-13 18:18
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  • Organelles in a cell
    • Nucleus
      • Contains nearly all genetic material
      • Has instructions for making protiens
      • Makes RNA & ribosomes
    • Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
      • Smooth
        • Role?
          • Involved in making the lipids that the cell needs.
      • Rough
        • Role?
          • Transports proteins that were made on the attached ribosomes
        • Rough because it is "studded" with ribosomes
    • Golgi apparatus
      • Role?
        • Receives proteins from the ER and modifies them
          • May add sugar molecules to them.
          • After the proteins have been modified.
            • The Golgi Apparatus packages the modified proteins into vesicles that can be transported
    • Mitochondria
      • Role?
        • Produce most of the ATP during respiration.
      • ATP
        • DEF: A molecule that when broken down, releases energy that the cell uses for other reactions
    • Chloroplasts
      • Only found in plant cells
      • They are the site of photosynthesis in plant cells
        • Light energy is used to drive the reactions of photosynthesis, in which carbohydrate molecules are made from carbon dioxide and water
    • Lysosomes
      • Contain powerful digestive enzymes.
        • Their role is to break down materials, for example white blood cell lysosomes help break down invading micro-organisms
    • Organelles without membranes surrounding them
      • Ribosomes
        • Role?
          • The site of protein synthesis in the cell.
            • Protein synthesis: Where new proteins are made
          • They act as an assembly line where coded information (mRNA) from the nucleus is used to assemble proteins from amino acids
      • Centrioles
        • Role?
          • Take part in cell division. They form fibres, known as spindle, which move chromosomes during nuclear division
  • After the proteins have been modified.
    • The Golgi Apparatus packages the modified proteins into vesicles that can be transported
  • DEF: Vesicle is a membrane bound sac found in cells and used to transport materials around the cell

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