P2 6.3 Nuclear Reactions

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  • Nuclear Reactions
    • In an atom, number of protons = number of electrons
      • Atoms have no overall charge
      • If an atom loses or gains electrons it becomes charged
        • Becomes an ion
    • All atoms of an element have the same number of protons
    • Atoms of an element which have different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes
    • Number of protons in an atom is its atomic number
    • No. of neutrons + No. of protons = mass number
    • An alpha particle has two protons and two neutrons
      • Relative mass is 4 and relative charge is +2
    • A beta particle is a high-speed electron from the nucleus
      • Relative mass is 0 and relative charge is -1
    • When a nucleus emits gamma radiation there is no change in the atomic number or the mass number
      • Gamma radiation has no charge and no mass

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