Muscularskeletal system
- Created by: lavenderdolph77
- Created on: 13-10-16 19:20
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- Muscularskeletal System
- Skeletal System
- Role
- Supports muscles
- protects delicate parts of body
- muscles attach to bones and once contracted, movement occurs
- gives us our structural shape and creates levers
- mineral storage
- Blood cell production
- Articulating bones
- where two or more bones meet to allow movement at a joint
- Movement
- muscles are attached to bones via tendons, forming levers
- Joints
- an area of the body where two or more bones meet to allow a range of movements
- Synovial Joints
- most common type of joint
- Ligaments
- elastic fibre, attach bone to bone, keeps joint stable by restriction of movement
- protect joints by absorption of shock
- Tendons
- anchor muscle to bone, allow muscles to move move skeleton
- non-elastic cords, can be torn if subjected to too much force
- ball-and socket joint
- allow movement in all directions
- Hinge joint
- only allow forward and backwards movement
- Movement at synovial joints
- flexion - decrease in angle of bones at a joint
- extension - increase in angle of bones at a joint
- abduction - movement at a bone or limb away from the mid-line of the body
- adduction - movement of a bone or limb towards the mid-line of the body
- rotation - a circular movement around a joint
- dorsi-flexion - the action of pulling toes towards the body
- plantar-flexion - the action of pointing toes away from the body
- Role
- Muscular system
- Involuntary Muscles
- found in and around organs
- works without conscious control
- have to constantly contract to allow crucial body functions
- Voluntary muscles
- moves the body
- stabilise our joints during movement
- maintains posture
- make up 40% of body weight in men (less in women)
- Movement
- muscles can only contract and pull
- muscles are arranged in pairs - antagonistic pairs
- one contracts (agonist) and one relaxes (antagonist)
- muscle contraction
- isometric
- static contraction
- isotonic
- concentric - most common, muscle shortens as it contracts
- eccentric - muscle lengthens as it contracts, usually downwards phase of movement
- isometric
- Involuntary Muscles
- Skeletal System
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