lala
- Created by: Rachel
- Created on: 09-06-13 10:38
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- Minority Rights
- extension of liberal concept of individual HR to society
- grew out of PLURALISM
- As individuals possess civil rights that cant be legislated away by an elected majroity
- its seen that minority groups should have rights that cannot be denied by the majority sections of society
- this is because they are of equal value to everyone else
- its seen that minority groups should have rights that cannot be denied by the majority sections of society
- MINORITY GROUPS
- suffered discrimination (mainly racial) for a long time
- Due to this their position in society has been that of culturally dispossessed and impoverished force of manual labourers
- usually lacked education, economic strength & political power
- Due to this their position in society has been that of culturally dispossessed and impoverished force of manual labourers
- suffered discrimination (mainly racial) for a long time
- The promotion of EQUAL RIGHTS has taken the form of redressing the balance & investing minorities communities with the level of rights & opportunities expected by the rest of the population
- Developed after the success of the US Civil Rights Movement
- Became obvious that the Civil Rights Act & Voting Rights act wouldn't deal with the problems of poverty faced by Black Americans
- SOLUTION (found by black pressure groups) - was AFFIRMATIVE ACTION
- this demanded that public policy make sure that they assist the developments of communities that had suffered discrimination
- justified as without such action these communities couldn't assume their rightful place on an equal level with the rest of society
- strategy moved to UK in 1970's - 'positive discrimination'
- EG: NHS
- this demanded that public policy make sure that they assist the developments of communities that had suffered discrimination
- SOLUTION (found by black pressure groups) - was AFFIRMATIVE ACTION
- Became obvious that the Civil Rights Act & Voting Rights act wouldn't deal with the problems of poverty faced by Black Americans
- Applies to ethnic groups living in clearly defined territories
- Usually these MR were given to earlier residents of states that were created by European settler colonies
- EG: USA (Native Americans), Australia (Aborigines)
- Rights given vareid between countries but all are contraversial
- Arise from a formal recognition that the colonial settlement was an act of aggression - so probably a war crime under international law
- Colonial settlements harmed the original communities and because of this they owe them compensation and granting of political authority
- These moves have been criticised for undermining the legitimacy of the states and their traditions and national identity
- Colonial settlements harmed the original communities and because of this they owe them compensation and granting of political authority
- Usually these MR were given to earlier residents of states that were created by European settler colonies
- Criticism
- LIBERALS
- Say they impose a collectivist view of the world on society
- Individuals in these communities are forced into an identity that may have been chose for them by self appointed community leaders
- There are serious disagreements over what constitutes a number of identities
- and that public bodies may make decisions about how to recongise what define a community on the grounds of short term pragmatism than principle
- Worst case: descend into opportunism
- EG: deferring to community leaders who are thought to be capable of delivering the most block votes
- leads to infringement of FREEDOM OF SPEECH
- Shlman Rusdies book was accused of being insulting to Islam
- all liberties are under;inned by FOS
- Once this freedom is infringes all other liberties are at risk because there is no end to the qualifications to liberty tht can be made
- Enlightenment principle of rational enquirty demands that nothing is exempt from the most searching scrutiny and criticism
- To allow one religion to claim exemption fro scrutiny - undermines principles of liberal society that have existed since Enlightenment
- Say they impose a collectivist view of the world on society
- Feminist campaigners against forced marriage and domestic violence frequently accuse public bodies of deferring to community cultural values for fear of being accused of racism and discriminatory practices
- DISCRIMINATES AGAINST MAJORITY COMMUNITY
- allocation of public funds to minority community organisations
- Allocation of resources (social housing to recent immigrants)
- Leads to UNDERQUALIFIED PEOPLE being APPOINTEDto JOBS which resulting ion a lowering of the standards of public service
- LIBERALS
- extension of liberal concept of individual HR to society
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