Weather Hazards
- Created by: Noah_S
- Created on: 15-11-19 17:01
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- Weather Hazards
- Global Air Circulation
- What is it
- Transfer of heat from the equator to the poles via air
- It is divided into cells - creating a high pressure belt or low pressure belt where they meet
- Each hemisphere has 3 cells
- How does it affect weather
- Air at equator is moist and warm - forms clouds and rains
- Air at 30* N/S has released most of its rain - deserts form around the belt
- Warm rising air brings clouds and rain at 60* N/S (near where UK lies)
- How it works
- Warm air from equator rises - creates low pressure belt
- Air cools and sinks at 30* N/S - creates high pressure belt
- Air either moves back to equator (trade winds) or towards poles (westerlies) - Effect called Coriolis effect
- 60* N/S warmer surface winds rise because of polar wind - creates low pressure belt
- Air either moves back or on - creates high pressure zone at poles
- What is it
- UK Weather Hazards
- What are they?
- Strong winds
- Damage properties + debris block roads
- Heavy Rainfall
- Flooding can cost lots + disrupt transport
- Snow/Ice
- Disruption to travel can cause schools + businesses to shut
- Drought
- Crops can fail + rules to conserve water introduced
- Thunderstorms
- Heavy rain, strong winds and lightning occur
- Heat Waves
- Heat exhaustion + rails buckling
- Strong winds
- Case Study - The Beast From the East
- Responces
- Councils had sent out gritters and snow ploughs to clear roads
- Emergancy water stations set up to provide water to households whose water supply was cut off
- Pipes fixed if they were broken after
- Local councils, farmers and mountain rescue teams tried to help people stranded
- Events
- 50mm of snow fell in some places + MET office issued red warnings meaning 'risk to life'
- Thousands of drivers stranded in vehicles + rural areas cut off by impassable snow
- Shelves were left empty as deliveries couldn't be made + Schools were closed
- Water pipes broke across the South of England due to contraction and expansion because of temperature
- Responces
- What are they?
- Tropical Storms
- How do they develop
- Start to form between the tropics & sea temperature >27*C
- Surface water evaporates and forms clouds with lots of energy
- Creates low pressure zone which increases surface winds
- Easterly winds move storms west & spins because of Coriolis effect
- Storm gains energy over water and loses it over land
- Case Study - Typhoon Haiyan
- Category 5 Typhoon - One of the most powerful recorded
- Events
- 8000 people killed + 1.9M homeless
- 314km/h wind speed + waves up to 5m high
- 5.6 million jobs lost + $13M in damge
- Lack of clean water caused outbreaks of diseases like dysentery
- Responses
- Warnings of typhoon led 800,000 to evacuate
- Philippines declared state of emergency - led many charities to send aid
- UN appealed over $300M for rebuilding + relief
- Charities built storm-resistant houses
- Management
- Prediction - Storms can be monitored using satellites + computers can predict paths
- Gives people time to evacuate from areas
- Planning - Avoid high risk areas + plan evacuation routes + emergency services can prep for disasters
- Protection - Buildings can be designed to withstand storms + flood defences can be built along rivers
- Prediction - Storms can be monitored using satellites + computers can predict paths
- How do they develop
- Global Air Circulation
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