Learning Theories
- Created by: Elle99
- Created on: 17-11-17 09:33
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- Learning Theories
- operant conditioning
- Stages
- Structure environment
- Trial and error, realise effective action
- shaped and reinforced
- further behavioural shaping
- further reinforcement
- reduce area to smash into
- partial: praise after series (longevity, slower)
- complete: after every action (quicker, no longevity)
- rewarded if correct shot, punished if incorrect
- strengthen SR bond
- to be effective: reward should follow response
- further behavioural shaping
- try different shots, smh most effective
- shaped and reinforced
- hit ball short and high
- Trial and error, realise effective action
- Badmington
- Structure environment
- Thorndikes laws
- Law of effect
- any behaviour followed by a satisfier is likely to be repeated
- behaviour followed by a punishment likely to be stopped
- learnt through trial and error process
- SR bond strengthenedweakened
- law of exercise
- rehearsing stimulus response connections strengthens bond
- practice has to be meaningful
- law of readiness
- athlete must be physically & mentally capable
- appropriate motivation and physiological development
- Law of effect
- no decision making
- automatic response, stored in LTM
- learners may not know why response correct, just get reard
- cant do without coach there
- can teach simple skills
- large groups
- Stages
- cognitive theory
- one learns by taking into account our environment and what it means to us
- football player notice if pitch slippy, adapt play accordingly
- continually receiving information from surroundings
- work out whats happening using our memories
- netball: when GS has possession, using previous knowledge know either shoot to go for rebound
- adapt play to stand under post
- netball: when GS has possession, using previous knowledge know either shoot to go for rebound
- work out whats happening using our memories
- insight learning: uses memory for problem solving
- if player knowledges on mechanics and reasons of a skill
- more likely be able to replicate in game situation
- however if too authoritarian, performer not find out for themselves
- not be able to adapt to different situations
- e.g. netball, player told how to react, can't read game effectively, inaccurate passes
- not be able to adapt to different situations
- Gestalts theory, we perceive objects as a whole rather than collection parts
- whole practice method
- play game understand what is required
- whole practice method
- intervening variables: mental process between stimulus being received and response
- taking into account independent variable of opponents movement
- one learns by taking into account our environment and what it means to us
- social learning
- learn by copying others
- want to be accepted into a group, accepted by others
- those we view as high status
- Attention: to imitate a demonstration, must pay attention
- amount of attention paid, influenced by attractiveness, competence and status of model
- don't overload info
- Retention
- observer must remember model
- has to create mental picture of process
- make it habitual
- observer must remember model
- Motor reproduction
- observer must be physically able to imitate skill
- demonstrationmatch capabillities
- challenging to prevent tedium
- motivation
- explain purpose of skill
- why its important
- use significant others
- encouragement, rewards
- lots to do, maintain m
- learn by copying others
- operant conditioning
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