Language Acquisition
- Created by: heyitskayl
- Created on: 02-06-14 17:20
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- Language Acquisition - Theories.
- Skinner (Imitation)
- Suggests children learn from what they hear
- Children develop regional accents and so supports that they imitate what they hear
- if imitation was the sole influence in language development children would understand the rules of grammar instantly
- imitation is important in phonological development. (ability to pronounce certain words)
- Children usually use words they understand so if they imitate then they would use words they have heard from others even if the didn't understand them
- If the child is deaf, it is unable to imitate sounds and so learn sign language
- Chomsky (innate)
- The theory that children are able to develop language from birth.
- everyone is born with an LAD (language acquistion device)
- For the LAD to work it must be stimulated by some kind of event
- This allows the child to develop language and then recognise the basic structure and rules of grammar.
- Jean Piaget (cognitive development)
- This theory means that language depends on the development of thinking
- If a child correctly uses phrases like 'More than' then its clear that the child understands the concept.
- Bruner
- As a response to Chomsky's LAD, Bruner created the LASS
- Through LASS children would learn language with parental input. using books an pictures
- 4 steps to LASS:
- 1. Gaining atttention
- 2. Ask the baby to identify the image
- 3. Labelling - Telling the baby what the image is
- 4. Feedback - responding to the babies utterances.
- Skinner (Imitation)
- Halliday's 7 Stages of Language
- Stage 1: Instrumental stage. - Children uses this to express needs and wants
- Stage 2: Representa-tional stage. Is used to tell others what to do. Demands
- Stage 3: Interactional. Use language to form relationships
- Stage 4: Personal stage. When the child uses language to express emotions
- Stage 5: Heuristic Stage. This is when language is used to gain info about the environment. Often through questions
- Stage 6: Imaginative stage. Language is used through telling stories and role play
- Stage 7: Child begins to use language to talk about brand new things. Eg.telling stories about themselves
- Theories in writing development
- Theory of B.M Kroll. 1981. 4 stages of writing
- Stage 1: Preparatory stage - Masters the basic motor skills needed to write and Learns the basic principles of the spelling system.
- Stage 2: consolidation stage (up to the age of 6). Child writes the as it speaks
- Uses short declarative sentences containing mainly conjunctions
- often use of incomplete sentences as they dont know how to finish
- Stage 3: Differentiation (Up to age 9) stage. Child becomes aware of the difference between speaking and writing
- Is able to recognise different forms of writing. (eg. Letter, Essay)
- Use writing guides and frame works for structure. still often make mistakes (eg. grammar, spelling)
- Writes to the reflect thoughts and feelings
- Theory of Dr Cathy Barclay (1996) - 7 Stages
- Stage 1: Scribbling stage.
- Stage 2: Mock handwriting stage - Writing and drawings. lines which are their understanding of lineations
- Stage 3: Mock Letters - Letters become seperate
- Stage 4: Conventional Letters - Involves writing its first word. often its own name
- Reads its own written letters as words
- Stage 5: Invented Spelling Stage - Spelt in the way the child hears it.
- Stage 6: Phonetic spelling stage - attach sounds to spelling
- Stage 7: Accurate Spelling stage - ability to spell most words
- Theory of B.M Kroll. 1981. 4 stages of writing
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