King Henry IV Act 1 Scene 2

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  • King Henry IV Act 1 Scene 2
    • The tavern world and world of commonality, set against the court world and world of nobility
      • The first speech expresses a hope for national unity, but this hope is denied by the Percy's rising and Hal's insubordination
    • Scene 2 is in prose not verse, reflecting the commonality of the world
    • Atmosphere is one of wit and high spirits
    • Intimacy between Falstaff and Hal 'now Hal, what time of day is it lad?'
      • Hal's rebuke 'what a devil hast thou to do with the time of day' - moralising streak in his replies
      • Falstaff (robber) provides a challenge to the idea of majestic power itself, he parodies and mocks the language of praise surrounding Elizabeth, mocks 'good government'
      • Shakespeare gives us a glimpse into the heir to the throne 'hang a thief....thou shalt' - thieves will be hung when Hal is King, anticipates eventual end of their relationship
    • Poins enters and tells them the plan to rob the pilgrims in Kent early in the morning
      • Hal 'Who? I rob a thief? Not I' - virtuous indignation
        • Poins proposes a practical joke: he and Hal will disguise themselves and rob Falstaff
    • Hal's soliloquy
      • Suggests that Hal, like his father, recognises that in this new world of uncertainties,  kingship, power and authority now have to be earned and the mastery of appearances is a principle means of earning it
        • Hal looks to the future, Henry is stuck in the past
        • His princely debasement is merely a ploy to make his emergence into public life seem more remarkable 'my reformation glittering over my fault'
          • Hal's pragmatism is seen in the movement of images, from nature (sun and clouds) to society (holidays and sport) from society to craftsmanship (bright metal on a sullen ground)
      • Promises to 'imitate the sun' to produce a good performance in the role of the King
        • His 'upholding' of the unrestrained behaviour of his tavern companions ('idleness') is temporary and a political calculation using his tavern life as an instrument of policy
      • The imagery of debt and repayment merge with plays insistence on time - to fufill his obligation with the future, he must betray his relationship with the pay 'redeeming time when men least think I will', a betrayal that may erode the trustworthiness he seeks by establishing it

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