integration

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  • integration
    • internal
      • Invest in capital goods
        • ^ capacity =    ^ efficiency
      • Invest in human capital
        • train            workers =     ^ efficiency
    • external
      • Horizontal
        • 2 companies in same industry - different sectors
          • BREWERY/ PUB
          • benefit from EOS
          • ^ market share
      • vertical
        • 2 companies in same market
          • CURRY'S/PCWORLD
          • benefit from risk bearing EOS
      • diversification
        • merge of 2 firms with no common interests
          • TATA STEEL
          • ^ market share in 2 markets
          • spreads risk
    • Problems
      • managerial disEOS
      • cultural clashes in firms
      • lack of knowledge
      • X-inneficieny
    • De-mergers
      • when a business sells off the businesses it owns
      • why de-merge?
        • raise funds for investment
        • decrease disEOS
        • remove risk/losses
      • Impacts
        • consumers
          • ^ consumer choice = lower prices
        • businesses
          • ^ comp = fall in market share
        • workers
          • ^ availability of jobs = ^ job security

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