Institutionalisation and its effects
- Created by: Georgia
- Created on: 03-05-19 10:39
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- Institutionalisation and its effects
- Childcare provided by orphanages or hospitals
- Little emotional care which affects development
- Children often show disinhibited attachment
- Clingy, attention-seeking behaviour
- Bowlby's 44 thieves (1944) 32% of thieves who had emotional problems had affectionless psychopathy
- 86% of affectionless psychopaths had maternal separation
- Spitz (1946) Poor care and lack of affection in South American orphanages
- Children displaying fear, sadness, withdrawal, weight loss and problems sleeping
- Rutter wanted to test whether effects of institutions could be overturned by a new nurturing and rewarding environment
- Longitudinal to assess effects over time
- Assessed cognitive functioning, height and head circumference
- 50% of orphans were considered retarded and were underweight
- Practical applications; used to improve hospital care
- Lots of qualitative data
- Highly detailled
- When adopted before 4, orphans showed great improvement in cognitive and physical development
- Idea of a critical period is supported by Bowlby
- Not a typical event so difficult to generalise
- Childcare provided by orphanages or hospitals
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