Unit 2 Section 4.2 Increasing Food Production
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- Created on: 25-04-14 20:21
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- Increasing Food Production
- Human Food Supply
- Humans rely on plants for food because plants are at the start if all food chains
- Plants use the energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into complex organic compounds
- Humans and other animals then eat, digest and absorb the compounds, which they use for energy and to grow
- we grow plants for direct consumption and to feed animals which we then eat.
- many modern farming methods aim to maximise productivity by increasing plant and animal growth
- Farmers can do this using fertilisers, pesticides, antibiotics and selective breeding
- many modern farming methods aim to maximise productivity by increasing plant and animal growth
- we grow plants for direct consumption and to feed animals which we then eat.
- Humans rely on plants for food because plants are at the start if all food chains
- Fertilisers
- Fertilisers are chemicals that increase crop yields by providing minerals that plants need to grow
- Minerals in the soil are used up duruing crop growth
- fertilisers replaces these minerals so a lack of minerals doesn't limit growth of the next crop - there are two types of fertiliser
- Natural fertilisers - are organic matter including manure
- Artificial Fertilisers are inorganic - they contain pure chemicals
- fertilisers replaces these minerals so a lack of minerals doesn't limit growth of the next crop - there are two types of fertiliser
- Minerals in the soil are used up duruing crop growth
- Fertilisers are chemicals that increase crop yields by providing minerals that plants need to grow
- Pesticides
- Pesticides are chemicals that increase crop yields by killing pests
- This means that fewer plants are damaged or destroyed
- Pests include microorganisms, insects or mammals
- Pesticides may be specific, and onlly kill one pest species or boad and kill a range of different species
- The advantage of broad spectrum pesticides is that they can kill a wide range of pests in one go
- However, this means they may also harm some non pest species
- The advantage of broad spectrum pesticides is that they can kill a wide range of pests in one go
- Pesticides may be specific, and onlly kill one pest species or boad and kill a range of different species
- Pests include microorganisms, insects or mammals
- This means that fewer plants are damaged or destroyed
- Pesticides are chemicals that increase crop yields by killing pests
- Antibiotics
- Animals farmed for food are sometimes given antibiotics to increase food production
- there are advantages and diaadvantages of using antibiotics
- Advantages
- Animas normally use energy fighting diseases, which reduces the amount of energy available for growth
- Antibiotics help to promote the growth of animals. this is throught to be because the antibiotics influence bacteria
- Animas normally use energy fighting diseases, which reduces the amount of energy available for growth
- Advantages
- there are advantages and diaadvantages of using antibiotics
- Disadvantages
- Using antibiotics in farming can increase the chance of bacteria becoming resistant to them
- Animals naturally have some bacteria in their body which are useful and could be killed by the antibiotics
- There's also a chance that the antibiotic may be present in animal products which humans consume
- Animals farmed for food are sometimes given antibiotics to increase food production
- Selective Breeding
- Selective Breeding involves selecting plants or animals with useful characteristics to reproduce together in order to increase productivity
- The general method is the same for both crops and animals.
- 1. Select Plants or animals with useful characteristics and breed them together
- 2. Breed them together
- 3. Select the offspring with the best characteristics and breed them together
- 4. Continue this over several generations until a high-yielding plant or animal is produced
- Selective breeding of Crops
- often involves selecting plants with characteristics such as high yield, disease resistance or pest resistance
- Selective breeding of Animals
- Involves selecting animals with useful characteristics such as fast growth rate and high meat milk or egg yields
- Selective breeding of Crops
- 4. Continue this over several generations until a high-yielding plant or animal is produced
- 3. Select the offspring with the best characteristics and breed them together
- 2. Breed them together
- Human Food Supply
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