Ideology Comm144
- Created by: lydia82
- Created on: 24-01-19 12:06
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- Ideology- Theoretical Perspectives
- Marxism
- Focuses on class
- Middle Class vs Working Class
- The Base
- The base is classed as underneath the superstructure, in order for the base to work you must have a superstructure
- The Superstructure
- Dominant classes use things like culture, traditions, rituals to control ideas
- False Conciousness
- The idea that the world has been filled with so many media messages that people accept them as reality
- The class that is the ruling material force is also the ruling intellectual force
- Focuses on class
- Antonio Gramsci- Hegemony
- Power is MAINTAINEDby culture norms
- Makes people believe that certain ideas and representations are the norm
- Unlike Marxism with ideas being forced onto people, this is a more suggesting it
- Louis Althusser
- Ideology is a system of representations governed by rules that serve political ends
- ISAs, media, family
- RSAs, police, military
- Slavoj Zizek
- Ideology operates by creating a desired fantasy which supports an exploitative reality
- Even though the world is mediated, we love it and we don't want to be torn away from it
- Ideology, Stereotyping and Otherness
- Edward Said
- Orientalism
- From travellers tales, classic knowledge and myths, people formed ideas about foreign places, cultures and ethnicities
- Projected fantasies about oriental cultures and this then ended up being a form of stereotyping
- This then creates the 'other' who is disempowered
- By creating a clear distinction between us and oriental, we then gain a sense of self
- Orientalism
- Binary Oppositions
- Creating a sense of 'Us and Them'
- Michael Faucault backed up Said's theory
- Michael Faucault
- He says Ideology works through discourse
- Discourse creates subjectivities- another way of saying stereotypes
- Power and knowledge mirror each other
- He says Ideology works through discourse
- The 'Tourist Gaze'- John Urry
- Representations that people take with them on holiday
- We look for ideas from films, tourist mags etc when we go to places
- Edward Said
- Marxism
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