how did the quest for civil rights change
- Created by: catrionabucknell_
- Created on: 11-04-16 17:05
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- how did the quest for civil rights change between 1963 and 1972?
- Malcolm X
- offered radically different programme, more violent
- appealed to black Americans living in ghettos
- mid 1960's 70% lived in black only ghettos in northern cities
- criticised MLK for being too non violent saying it was taking too long
- appealed to black Americans living in ghettos
- joined nation of Islam (NOI) and gained attention for radical views
- split from this in 1964 and created the OAAU (organisation of african-american unity)
- assassinated by members of Islam in February 1965
- career cut short - not able to achieve all he intended to
- less important for his achievements
- more for his influence on other black American radicals
- offered radically different programme, more violent
- Black Power and Panthers
- May 1967 Stokely Carmichael became chairperson after replacing Henry 'Rap' Brown
- 1966 CORE selected Floyd McKissick as chairperson
- 1966 CORE annual convention in Baltimore endorsed the idea of black power
- Black Panther party set up in October 1966 by Bobby Seale and Huey P Newton
- advocated back nationalism of Marcus Garvey and Malcolm X
- distinctive uniforms and were armed
- Mexico city Olympics 1968 men 400m ceremony 1st and 3rd place
- Tommy Smith and John Carlos made black power salute with black leather gloves
- high publicity - international support, both banned from competing
- 1969 28 members of black panthers killed by police in shoot outs, hundreds more imprisoned
- 1972 black panthers in decline follow clampdowns from FBI
- even at its height only had 5,000 members
- May 1967 Stokely Carmichael became chairperson after replacing Henry 'Rap' Brown
- MLK's changing priorities
- continued to be the dominant force until his assassination in April 1968
- king aimed to pressure federal government into action about voting
- March on Selma 7th March 1965
- met with Alabama state police and attacked received national mediaattention
- March on Selma 7th March 1965
- contributed to passing of 1965 Voting rights act
- met with Alabama state police and attacked received national mediaattention
- 1966: attempted to desegregate housing in north
- SCLC poorly organised protest and march through Gage Park (all white suburb of Chicago)
- protesters met by white resistance
- helped in south but unable toe end housng segregation in north
- Ceaser Chavez and Chicano Movement
- inspired Hispanics mainly in California where agriculture workers faced poor pay and conditions
- united farm workers union registered 100,000 new Hispanic voters
- non-violent strikers e.g. 1965: grape workers, leading to a national boycott of California grapes for 5 years
- wanted to be more radical and was inspired by the black power movement - split into universities and organisations
- not successful in gaining equal rights and began to splinter by 1970's
- Malcolm X
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