Germany Tye Champion

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  • Created by: TChampion
  • Created on: 08-05-17 13:31
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  • Germany
    • Before 1919
      • Germany had been made up of different states
        • Prussia was the largest and strongest state
      • In early 1918 the First World War was going Germany's way
        • German divisions were now advancing through Belgium and Northern France
      • However the allies were stronger. The USA had entered the war in 1917
        • August 1918 the allies counter attacked
          • By September 1918 it was clear that Germany had to make peace
          • The German army had little strength left to resist
      • The allies offered peace but on the condition that the Germans got rid of the Kaiser whom they blamed for starting the war
      • On the 28th June 1919 the German representative reluctantly  signed the Treaty of Versailles
        • Territorial loss
        • Miltary restrictions
        • War guilt
        • Reparations
        • The Germans felt like it was a 'stab in the back'
          • Most Germans felt all the countries  should bear equal blame for WW1
            • It suited many Germans to believe that they had never really lost the war
          • Germany were not invited to the negotiations
      • Through December 1918 there were regular clashes between the government and the revolutionarie
        • On the 5th January the Spartacists captured the head quarters of the governments newspapers and the telegraph bweau. The rising was easily crushed by the Freikorps
    • Weimar Republic 1919-1922
      • During its first few years the new German Government faced many crisis's
      • It was working in very tough conditions: trying to stabilise Germany, rebuilding the country after the ravages of the First World War and having to cope with the poblems caused by the Treaty of Versailles
      • Germany did not keep up with its reparations
      • The German  government did not have enough money to pay for the costs of the passive resistance in the Ruhr so it printed more
      • Many Germans hated the new government because of the Treaty of Versailles
        • The Weimar government had agreed to pay reparations under the Treaty
          • People did not blame the Kaiser's war government which had started the inflation by its borrowings
    • Hitler Chancellor 1933-1945
      • Hitler demanded to be appointed Chancellor
      • Hindenburg appointed Von Papen as his Chancellor
      • 1932: Hindenburg reluctantly appoints Von Schleicher as Chancellor
      • 1933: Von Papen can see that Von Scheicher is having difficulty keeping a majority. He  sees his chance to gain power. He privately agrees to work for Hitler. Hitler will be Chancellor Von Papen will be in the cabinet.
        • Von Schleicher finally resigns
          • Hindernberg wants Von Papen to be Chancellor
            • Von Papen persuades HIndenburg to allow Hitler to be Chancellor
            • Hindenburg appoints Hitler as Chancellor and Von Papen as Vice-Chancellor
      • Why did Hitler become Chancellor in 1933?
        • Nazi tactics
        • His leadership skills
        • The depression
        • The weaknesses of the Weimar Governemnt
        • Political manoevuring between Von Schleicher and Von Papen
    • Weimar Republic 1923-1929
      • In January French and Belgiam troops marched into the Ruhr and occupied it
        • The Germans in the Ruhr refused to work (passive resistance)
          • Germnay was now losing all that the Ruhr would have normally produced
            • Passive resistance was making Germany even poorer
      • When the government prints more money which it does not have the value of money goes down and prices go up
        • This had been happening in Germany since the time of the Kaiser, but in 1923 it got much worse. This was hyperinflation
      • In September 1923 the Chancellor, Stresemann decided  that Germany would have to give into France
        • In October the government dropped the old money and got the Rentenmark. The next year the Reichsmark was brough in
          • To keep the support of the army the government gave orders that left wing state governments should be disposed
            • The Dawes Plan of April 1924 made a huge loan to Germany
    • Nazis 1919-1929
      • In September 1919 Hitler was sent to a extreme nationalist group called the German Worker's Party
        • Hitler became a member and the leader of the party soon spotted Hitler's talent as a propagandist
          • By February 1920 Hitler was helping to draft the party's programme
      • In 1920 the party was renamed the Nationalist Socialist German Worker's Party (NSDAP or Nazis)
      • In 1921 he set up his own private army called the SA
        • Hitler  personally designed the Nazi flag, with its symbol, the swastika
      • By 1922 Hitler was leader of the party. He had a powerful, dominating personality
        • By 1922 the party had 3000 members and the Prussian government were worried
      • November 1923 Hitler and the Nazis attempted to take over the whole country
      • Hitler began to reorganise the party
      • The Nazi Party were winning over the working and middle class
      • The Nazis were the only party to run public classes
      • The wall strret crash in October 1929 helped the Nazis gain support because they offered work and they could deal with the communists
        • The Weimar government was weak and Hitler was a good leader
    • Hitler Fuhrer 1930-1934
      • On the 2nd of August 1934 President Hindenburg died
      • Within hours Hitler had decided himself Presdient
      • He was not only Chancellor, but head of Sate and Commander of the Army
      • Every soldier swore an oath of personal loyalty to Hitler
      • The German army had a tradition of discipline and obedience and soldiers took this oath seriuoisly

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