German democracy and dictatorship
- Created by: MegsJackman1436250
- Created on: 30-11-17 08:46
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- GERMAN HISTORY
- CREATION OF WEIMAR
- COLLAPSE OF IMPERIAL GERMANY
- WHY GERMANY LOST WW1
- Failure of Schlieffen Plot
- Forced to fight war on east and west - stalemate
- Strengths of allies
- Failure of the final offensive
- SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF WW1
- Food and fuel shortages
- High rate of civilian deaths
- From starvation
- The influenza epidemic
- Inflation
- Casualties
- THE OCTOBER REFORM
- Ludendorff pushed for political change
- A constitutional monarchy
- Kaiser handing political power over to civilian government
- A constitutional monarchy
- Two aims
- Secure for Germany the best possible peace terms from the allies
- Hoped the change would prevent the outbreak of political revolutionary disturbances
- Shift responsibility/blame
- From military leadership
- To new leadership
- Stab in the back myth
- Later vital part to play in Weimar Republic
- From military leadership
- 1918 Max Von Baden appointed Chancellor
- Moderate conservative
- Democratic views
- Parliamentary Democracy
- Ludendorff pushed for political change
- WHY GERMANY LOST WW1
- THE GERMAN REVOLUTION
- KIEL MUTINY
- End of first week in November clear October reforms failed to impress German people
- Disturbances prompted by...
- Realisation the war had been lost
- National shock when news came of Germanys military defeat
- Increasing bitterness over socio-economic conditions
- THE OCTOBER REFORM
- Ludendorff pushed for political change
- A constitutional monarchy
- Kaiser handing political power over to civilian government
- A constitutional monarchy
- Two aims
- Secure for Germany the best possible peace terms from the allies
- Hoped the change would prevent the outbreak of political revolutionary disturbances
- Shift responsibility/blame
- From military leadership
- To new leadership
- Stab in the back myth
- Later vital part to play in Weimar Republic
- From military leadership
- 1918 Max Von Baden appointed Chancellor
- Moderate conservative
- Democratic views
- Parliamentary Democracy
- Ludendorff pushed for political change
- Prince Max announced the Kaiser would renounce the throne
- A left-wing provisional coalition government would be formed
- By Friedrich Ebert
- Provisional = short term until a national election was held to vote for a National Assembly
- Philipp Schiedemann
- One of the provisional governments leaders
- Proclaimed Germany a Republic
- Philipp Schiedemann
- Coalition as it was a combination of SPD and USPD
- A left-wing provisional coalition government would be formed
- LEFT WING MOVEMENT
- SPD
- German Social Democratic Party
- Represented moderate socialist aims
- Led by.....
- Friedrich Ebert
- Philipp Scheidmann
- Election 1912 - biggest party in Reichstag
- Membership of over 1million
- Election 1912 - biggest party in Reichstag
- The Spartacists
- Extreme Left
- Led by.....
- Karl Liebknecht
- Rosa Luxemburg
- Led by.....
- By 1918 membership of about 5000
- Believed Germany should follow same path as Russia
- Aim was to create a soviet republic
- Based on rule of the Proletariat
- Extreme Left
- USPD
- Independent German Social Democratic Party
- Breakaway group from SPD
- A minority in Reichstag
- Had 300,000 members
- demanded radical social and economic changes
- far from united and internal divisions existed
- SPD
- Ebert-Groener Agreement
- General Wilhelm Groener
- Ludendorff's Successor
- Telephoned Ebert
- Telephone conversation very significant
- Telephoned Ebert
- Supreme Army Command
- Agreed to....
- Support the new government
- Use troops to maintain stability and security of the new Republic
- Agreed to....
- In return Ebert promised to...
- Oppose the spread of revolutionary socialism
- Preserve authority of the Army Officers
- General Wilhelm Groener
- KIEL MUTINY
- NATIONAL ASSEMBLY AND WEIMAR CONSTITUTI-ON
- TREATY OF VERSAILLES
- THREATS FROM EXTREME LEFT
- THREATS FROM EXTREME RIGHT
- ECONOMIC CRISIS
- STRESEMAN 100 DAYS
- COLLAPSE OF IMPERIAL GERMANY
- CREATION OF WEIMAR
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