GBH

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  • GBH
    • S.20
      • AR: wounding or inflicting grievous bodily harm
      • maximum 5 years indictment
      • MR: intention to inflict or recklessness as to inflicting some harm - R v Parmenter
        • under this section, foreseeing that some harm could occur is enough - Parmenter
      • 'some harm'
      • direct intention - Mohan or recklessness - Cunningham
    • S.18
      • AR: wounding or causing grievous bodily harm
      • maximum is life
      • MR: intention to cause grievous bodily harm or resist/prevent arrest - R v Belfon
      • 'serious harm'
      • direct intention - Mohan OR indirect intention - Woollin
    • S.18 and S.20 have the exact same AR - the victim must suffer a wound and/or GBH
    • R v Burstow confirmed that inflicting means causing
    • 'wounding' consists of deep/severe  cuts usually with blood loss - JJC v Eisenhower
    • GBH means 'really serious harm' - DPP v Smith
      • particular characteristics can be taken into account when deciding GBH - R v Bollom
        • a combination of injuries can amount to GBH - R v Brown and Stratton
      • deliberately infecting someone with HIV is GBH - R v Dica
        • includes serious physchriatirc harm - R v Burstow
    • ISAC structure
      • introduction
        • AR of S.20 and S.18
          • causation
            • MR of S.18/S.20
              • conclusion

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