gas exchange surfaces

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  • gas exchange surfaces
    • passive exchange
      • no energy required
      • e.g diffusion and osmosis
    • active exchange
      • energy required
      • active transport
    • surface area to volume ratio
      • for an organism to be effective it must have a large surface area to volume ratio
      • this applies mostly to smaller organisms as larger ones cannot have a large s.a to vol ratio meaning they need a gas exchange system
      • reasons why some organisms do not need exchange systems
        • size and shape of body, may have small elongated body meaning there is a larger sa. to vol ratio and a shorter diffusion pathway
        • if energy demands are low
    • good exchange surfaces have
      • a large surface area
      • thin barrier to reduce diffusuon distance
      • large conc. gradient
    • definitions
      • respiration:biochemical processes by which energy is released from glucose
      • ventilation a sequence of breathing movements that moves gases to and from the internal gas exchange surface:
      • gas exchange:oxygen passes from the atmosphere into the blood and co2 passes out entirely by diffusion

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