fundamental ideas
- Created by: meganbeaney
- Created on: 14-05-15 18:39
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- fundamental ideas
- atoms elements ans compounds
- all substances are made of atoms
- elements contain only one type of atom
- compounds contain more than one type of atom
- an atom has a tiny nucleus in its center , surrounded by electrons
- atomic structure
- atoms are made out of protons ,neutrons and electrons
- protons and electrons have equal charges , protons are positively charged and electrons are negatively charged
- neutrons are neutral
- atomic number =number of protons
- mass number = number of protons + neutorns
- atoms are arranged in the periodic table in order of their atomic number
- the arrangement of electrons and atoms
- the electrons in an atom are arranged in energy levels or shells
- atoms with the same number of electrons in their outer shell belong in the same group of the periodic table
- the atoms of the un-reactive noble gas all have very stable arrangements of electrons
- forming bonds
- when atos from different elements react together they make compounds. the formula of a compound shows the number and type of atoms that have boned together to make a compound
- when metals react with non metals ,charged particles called ions are formed
- metal atoms form positively charged ions, non-metals form negatively charged ions . these oppositely charged ions attract each other in ionic bonding
- atoms of non metals bond to each other by sharing electrons , this is called covalent bonding
- chemical equations
- as no new atoms are ever created or destroyed in a chemical reaction the total mass = total mass of products
- there is the same number of each type of atoms on each side of ta balanced equation
- atoms elements ans compounds
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