Functionalist views of crime
- Created by: maddieecarr
- Created on: 21-09-21 18:06
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- Functionalist views of crime
- Merton’s Strain Theory
- Individuals strive to achieve the “American Dream”
- Crime occurs when there is a strain between the goals and the means of achieving them
- Caused by anomie (normlessnes)
- Deviant adaptations to strain
- Conformist
- Innovator
- Retreatist
- Ritualist
- Rebels
- Cohen
- Status frustration
- Anomie caused from school disadvantagesdue to material and cultural deprivation causes status frustration and turns them to a delinquent subculture
- Alternative status hierarchy
- Working class boys fall at the bottom of the official status hierarchy so seek to gain status in their subculture through their actions
- Status frustration
- Cloward and Ohlin
- Three subcultures caused by unequal access to legitimate and illegitimate means
- Conflict
- Social disorganisation arises from violent gangs
- Criminal
- Become an apprentice in utilitarian crime
- Retreatist
- Double failures at school and crime, turn to illegal drugs
- Conflict
- Three subcultures caused by unequal access to legitimate and illegitimate means
- Alternative explanations
- Matza
- most delinquents do not remain committed to their subculture and simply drift in and out of delinquency
- Institutional anomie
- Anomic mentality -> anything in pursuit of wealth
- Matza
- Durkheim
- Crime is FIN
- Functional
- Inevitable
- Normal
- Positive functions of crime
- Boundary maintenance
- Safety valve
- Adaptation and change
- A warning
- Crime is FIN
- Merton’s Strain Theory
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