Family Structure (Topic 3)
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- Created on: 20-05-17 12:04
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- Family structure
- Young & Willmott: modern family sis a 'symmetrical family'. Sharing chores, childcare and decision-making. Assumption that there has been a change in the domestic division of labour from segregaed conjugal roles to joint conjugal role.
- Conjugal roles: roles played by a male and female in a relationship.
- New Man emergence: caring, sharing and gentle, emotional and sensitive in his attitudes toward women, children and himself.
- Reason for change?
- Improved living standards
- Encouraged men and women to become home-centered as there is a greater importanace.
- Decline of extended family, greater geographical and social mobility.
- Less pressure from kin to retain traditional roles. More need to divide roles equally.
- Improved rights of women.
- Women have become more assertive in the home.
- Women in paid employmenet.
- Increased independence , reduced time on housework means roles must be shared.
- Commercialisation of housework.
- Consumer goods to reduce housework. Silver and Schor suggest this has aken away tiime-consuming aspects of housework and my have caused men to feel more comfortable taking on these tasks.
- Weaker gender identities.
- Postmodernist idea that men and women can 'pick'n'mix' roles based on personal choice, less constrained by feminine and masculine ideology.
- Improved living standards
- Criticisms for equality:
- Routine jobs are still predominately done by women.
- The Guardian suggested women effectively have the status of 'married lone parents'.
- The Office for National Statistics found women spent nearly twice as long on cooking, cleaning, shopping, washing and looking after the children..
- Rapoport and Rapoport suggest professional wives are still expected to take major responsibility for housework.
- Oakley: 72% of men claim to help their partners at least once a week. Y and W have an unconvincing argument..
- Young & Willmott: modern family sis a 'symmetrical family'. Sharing chores, childcare and decision-making. Assumption that there has been a change in the domestic division of labour from segregaed conjugal roles to joint conjugal role.
- Conjugal roles: roles played by a male and female in a relationship.
- New Man emergence: caring, sharing and gentle, emotional and sensitive in his attitudes toward women, children and himself.
- Young & Willmott: modern family sis a 'symmetrical family'. Sharing chores, childcare and decision-making. Assumption that there has been a change in the domestic division of labour from segregaed conjugal roles to joint conjugal role.
- TRIPLE SHIFT
- Paid work, domestic labour and emotional work .
- Routine jobs are still predominately done by women.
- Nature and Value of Domestic Labour
- Women's unpaid work values at £30.000 a year
- Radical feminists believe men are the main winners from domestic labour, this is a problem of patriarchy.
- Marxist feminists believe unpaid domestic labour reproduces labour power and benefits capitalism. The family is a 'social factory' producing labour.
- Inequalities in the family
- Decision making
- Edgell found that women's decision were made for unimportant areas.
- 44% of working women were mainly responsible for financial decisions.
- Emplyment
- Women's career's suffer from the Triple-Shift. Limited due to hours . Little opportunity to progress their career.
- Women with children are seen as unreliable.
- Believe hat investing in women is costly as they will eventually leave to reproduce.
- Women give up obs to look after sick children or parents.
- Darker Side of the Family
- Domesitc Violence
- Feminist explanation:
- Radical feminists explain this as a means for men to exercise patriarchal power, to control and intimidate women, and to keep hem in a state of submission.
- Marxist feminists emphasise structural factors, social deprivation, a culture of violence in the working class and lower status of women in society.
- Dobash and Dobash: male violence against women in the family is an enforcement of women's subordinate role and unequal power.
- 1 in 4 women and 1 in 6 men will suffer. 89% committed by men against female partners. Much of it goes unreported.
- 3/4 of rapes (Crim survey for England and Wales) take place in the home of the victim or offender. Only made illegal in marriage in 1991.
- Feminist explanation:
- Feminists challenge the New right and Functionalist view of the cereal packer family.
- Privatisation of the family has caused information of the darker side of the family to be hard to grasp.
- Domesitc Violence
- Decision making
- Young & Willmott: modern family sis a 'symmetrical family'. Sharing chores, childcare and decision-making. Assumption that there has been a change in the domestic division of labour from segregaed conjugal roles to joint conjugal role.
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